Temperament is a stable set of psycho-physiological personality traits that are associated not with the content aspects of activity, but with dynamic ones. It is he who is the basis for the formation and subsequent development of character. And now we should talk about the types of temperament - mixed and pure, as well as their features.
About the concept in brief
First of all, some general information. Before talking about mixed and highly emotional types of temperament, it is necessary to explain what it depends on and how it is formed.
Well, a person has these characteristics from birth. They have a psychophysiological origin, and therefore are very stable. It is temperament that determines the dynamic features of a person’s states and ongoing mental processes.
At the same time, this characteristic does not affect moral qualities and cognitive abilities. However, temperament must be taken into account when choosing a field of activity for yourself. So, people withslow reactions will be difficult to control some mechanisms at high speeds. But with work that requires perseverance and concentration, they will do just fine.
Sanguine
These are people with a strong, mobile, balanced nervous system. They are distinguished by the following features:
- Activity and sociability.
- The ability to quickly adapt to new conditions.
- Sociability.
- Ability to quickly deal with people and easily establish relationships with them.
- Optimistic, cheerful, cheerful.
- Expressive pantomime and facial expressions, emotionality.
- Dependence on feelings and "impulses".
- The ability to survive troubles and solve problems without dwelling on the negative.
- Thirst for impressions and change.
Sanguine people are willing to take on new things, but they are only productive when inspired. If they are not interested, they will abandon their activities.
The same goes for personal relationships. They care about saturation in everything. This is a prerequisite for a happy life for people who are so full of inner energy.
Choleric
Before studying mixed types of temperament, you need to briefly talk about the features inherent in people with this characteristic. Cholerics are unbalanced, strong, mobile people, in whom excitation prevails over inhibition. Here they arefeatures:
- Energy and perseverance.
- Love to be in the spotlight.
- I have a temper, intemperance, impatience.
- Sharpness, excessive straightness. But there is no hatred in their anger, this is important.
- The rapid emergence of feelings and emotions, the same rapid extinction.
- Expressive gestures and lively facial expressions.
- Tendency to commit rash acts in the state of passion.
- The ability to improve your performance in a competitive environment.
- Energy, initiative, ability to concentrate. But only if they are interested in the case.
Also, choleric people have impressive organizational skills, as well as the ability to quickly form new skills and habits.
Phlegmatic
These personalities are distinguished by poise, strength and inertia. They are assiduous, not very active, restrained, moderately persistent. They manage to remain calm even in very difficult situations. They have the following qualities:
- The ability to adequately respond to what is happening in the outside world.
- Sociability combined with low sociability.
- Inability to quickly make the right decisions.
- Slow formation of feelings. They arise gradually, but they are distinguished by depth and constancy.
- Patience.
- Exposure to affect.
- Poor facial expressions and gestures.
- The ability to restrain and control your emotions.
To summarize, phlegmatic people are in allmeanings of the word and spheres of life are slow people. In everything they are measured and thoughtful.
Melancholy
This temperament is inherent in people with an inert, unstable, weak nervous system. They have reduced activity and increased timidity. Melancholics are distinguished by the following qualities:
- Shyness.
- Closedness.
- Shyness and indecision.
- Sensibility and vulnerability.
- Tendency to deeply experience any life event.
- Restraint in movement and speech.
- Dispersion, inability to concentrate.
But melancholy people can be productive. They work well in a familiar environment, and their interests are stable, they do not tend to be scattered and exchanged for trifles.
Choleric-sanguine
And now we can talk about mixed types of temperament. Most often there are choleric-sanguine. They can be recognized by one specific feature - they quickly change emotions, but this happens a little more gently. They also go ahead to the goal, like pure choleric people, however, the features of a sanguine pacify emotionality, adding fruitfulness to a person.
In addition, such people build relationships with others more competently. Personalities with a mixed type of temperament "sanguine-choleric" are not characterized by the principle "everything should be the way I want."
From a sanguine person, the owner of this type of temperament gets the ability to put plans into practice. From choleric - abilityorganize and generate ideas. In many ways, it is this character that determines the success of such a person.
Melancholic-choleric
Mixed type of temperament, which is less common than the above. People who fit his description have the following features:
- Regularly experiencing periods of apathy and impulsivity.
- Combination of choppyness with internal safety margin.
And if because of the first feature these people can suffer emotionally, the second only plays into their hands. Why? Because at one moment they strive with all their might to the goal, trying to do something big, but after a while they are suddenly overcome by indifference. What is the plus here? The fact that it is during these periods that melancholic choleric people get the opportunity to look at the current situation soberly.
That's why they manage to achieve impressive heights in any field. According to statistics, "pure" choleric people are much less successful. Although they seem to have more inner strength.
Melancholic-phlegmatic
Mixed types of temperament, defined by psychology, have been discussed above. There are only two of them. But in modern science there is an opinion that there are neither "pure" temperaments, nor specifically mixed ones (that is, they can be combined in different ways).
If a person combines the features of a phlegmatic and melancholic, then others perceive him as very distant, evenstrange person. Somehow it combines passivity and slowness with increased anxiety and excessive anxiety. That is, something will worry him very much in his soul, but he will not strive to correct the situation.
Also, this mixed type of temperament causes low human productivity. His main problem will be a lack of initiative, even a certain alienation.
Phlegmatic Sanguine
Very interesting combination. Phlegmatic sanguine - a mixed type of temperament, endowing its owner with emotionality and concentration. There is also positivity and sociability.
People with this temperament overcome any difficulties. And it will seem to others that they do not even make any special efforts. Of course, this is not so, just the strength of the spirit inherent in these people does not allow them to give up.
Often they have a large number of friends. But they are cool at prioritizing, so they can always sacrifice the personal.
It is also worth noting that absent-mindedness and irresponsibility are also not characteristic of these people. They are loved in the team, and the authorities appreciate them.
Melancholic sanguine
But this is a very paradoxical combination. Sanguine-melancholic - a mixed type of temperament, which combines opposite, conflicting character traits.
Often, its owner himself suffers from these contradictions. The temperament itself is not quite usual: its owner islife can behave like a sanguine person, but if some kind of strong psycho-emotional shock happens in life, he will become a real melancholic.
These are the people who can be abruptly unsettled by a negative event that affects the most important area of their lives. After this, they can become melancholic for a long time. And those around them will completely cease to recognize in them the former positive and active person.
Choleric-phlegmatic
And this combination needs to be told when discussing the characteristics of mixed types of temperament. In fact, it is quite harmonious. Because both the choleric and the phlegmatic have common features. And in a person representing this type of temperament, they are strengthened.
Besides, periodically occurring choleric emotional outbursts soften - here the thoroughness inherent in phlegmatic works.
In general, such a person can be characterized as a calm and stable person, but by no means passive. He has a certain reserve of inner strength, which constantly activates and spurs him on. And sometimes even choleric features take precedence over phlegmatic ones. This happens if a keen interest appears in a particular matter, kindling a certain spark in a person’s soul.
