The city of Pereslavl-Zalessky, Yaroslavl region, was founded at the beginning of the 12th century by Yuri Dolgoruky as the capital of North-Eastern Russia.
By the standards of the time of occurrence, it was a large Russian city. And its construction in a swampy area is equated by historians in terms of the importance of the efforts expended on the construction, to the process of formation of St. Petersburg. The length of the perimeter of the city's fortifications was 2.5 km. Only Kyiv and Smolensk were larger than Pereslavl-Zalessky, with ramparts 3.5 km long.
The city is included in the Golden Ring tourist route, as ancient monuments of church architecture are preserved here: six architectural monastic complexes and nine churches. What today is Pereslavl-Zalessky, temples and monasteries of the city - you will learn about this from the article.
The Shape of History
Pereslavl-Zalessky is located on the eastern shore of the famous Lake Pleshcheyevo. Where the Trubezh River flows into it. Around the lake isLake Pleshcheyevo National Park. In the reservoir there is a rare vendace fish, along the banks there are healing springs: the holy great martyr Barbara, the Monk Nikita the Stylite, the Gremyach spring; lies the famous and mysterious Blue Stone. On this lake, Peter I began to build a funny flotilla.
Here, on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, at the mouth of the Trubezh River, stands the Church of the Forty Martyrs. Exact address: 165 Left Embankment Street. By the way, there used to be Rybnaya Sloboda here, which is now called Right and Left Embankments.
Pereslavl-Zalessky temples and churches are under close scrutiny by historians. So, it is known about the Church of the Forty Martyrs that it was built already at the beginning of the 17th century. What is the entry in the salary books for 1628:
Church of the Saints Forty martyrs, in the suburbs, tribute eight altyns, four money, ten hryvnia.
Later, in 1755, instead of a wooden church, a stone church was built. It was erected at the private expense of merchants - the Shchelagin brothers. The restored temple has two altars. Cold - in honor of the forty Sebastian martyrs. Warm - in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin.
On the photo below: Pereslavl-Zalessky, Church of the 40 Martyrs.
Architectural artifact
Getting acquainted with the city, one cannot ignore the architectural complex Goritsky, the Assumption Monastery. Currently, it is a museum of spiritual and historical heritage.
The name of the monasteryreceived from the location - on a hill. It was founded at the beginning of the 14th century. But after the fire of 1720, all the archives of the monastery were lost, so there is no restoration of reliable information about the life and stages of construction of this complex.
Now it is a historical architectural reserve that adorns Pereslavl-Zalessky. The temples that are part of the museum complex are true masterpieces of architecture. For example, the Church of the Epiphany, the Church of All Saints, the Assumption Cathedral, theological school and others.
Located at 4 Museum Lane. Photo and video filming is allowed at all museum sites.
On the photo: churches and temples of Pereslavl-Zalessky, the bell tower of the Epiphany on the territory of the Goritsky monastery complex.
Savior Transfiguration Cathedral
They say that architecture is frozen music, but it is also a story in stone about our ancestors.
Sights of Pereslavl-Zalessky - temples and many other religious architectural structures - tell about the history of the formation of the Russian state.
And in this context it is impossible to bypass the Transfiguration Cathedral. It is located on Red Square, in the very center of the city. The cathedral is the same age as the city, as it was erected by Yuri Dolgoruky in 1152 and was the central building of the Pereslavl Kremlin. The white-stone building amazes even now with the severity of forms, restraint and grandeur at the same time.
The famous native of the city, Alexander Nevsky, was baptized in this cathedral. The interior of the templewas painted with frescoes, which, unfortunately, are now lost.
Pereslavl-Zalessky, churches with eight hundred years of history: the Transfiguration Cathedral and the monument to Alexander Nevsky in the photo below.
Temple History
This church was erected in the first half of the 18th century at the expense of the manufacturer F. Ugryumov. Temple of Alexander Nevsky in Pereslavl-Zalessky is located on the street. Soviet, 12.
When erected, it was part of the architectural ensemble of the Bogoroditsko-Sretensky Novodevichy Convent, which was abolished.
Nevertheless, by the beginning of the 20th century, the Alexander Nevsky Church was full of well-preserved icons and liturgical utensils.
In 1929 it was closed, as was the neighboring Cathedral of the Epiphany. The bell tower and the monastery wall were demolished. There was a bread shop in the altar part of the temple, and this product was baked in the nearby Vladimir Cathedral.
But in the end, in the mid-1950s, a special commission attributed this temple to the monuments of Russian architecture, which became part of a single historical complex in the central part of the city. Photo below.
Rising from the Ashes
The now beautiful Cathedral of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in the Nikolsky Pereslavl Monastery was erected in the period from the end of the 17th to the beginning of the 18th century. It was built for 33 years at the expense of the Moscow merchant G. Obukhov.
The brick cathedral was distinguished by a hipped bell tower in the form of a pillar, the traditional five-domed quadrangle was crowned with a domeroof with lucarnes (decorative windows built into the roof). The temple had two chapels - Gerasim of Jordan and Dimitry of Prilutsky.
Unfortunately, in 1930 the monastery was closed, and the temple itself was blown up. The bell tower was also demolished. And only at the end of the 20th century, in 1999, on the site of the old cathedral, under the care of the entrepreneur and philanthropist V. I. Taryshkin, a new church was built. Construction was completed in 2005.
The new building is a five-domed temple in the Russian style. In the western part of it are Gerasimovsky and Dimitrievsky aisles. This is a typical and reliable construction of cathedrals, adopted in the 16th century. The relics of Saint Andrei Smolensky, acquired by the Russian Church in 2000, are stored in the temple.
On the photo: Cathedral of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, Yaroslavl region, Pereslavl-Zalessky, st. Gagarin, 43.
In the shadow of beauty and wonder
There are many cathedrals in the city that are not included in the tourist routes, but are also part of the cultural heritage.
Here are some churches of Pereslavl-Zalessky. Description of objects not included in the main list of religious buildings:
Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin in Gorodishe. Located at the address: Pereslavsky district of the Yaroslavl region, the village of Gorodishche. It is a five-domed stone temple with a tiered bell tower. It was built in 1791 instead of a wooden one. The church was closed in 1928 for many years. Now it is a functioning temple, but the condition leaves much to be desired, the building needs restoration and restoration.works
On the photo: Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin.
- Tent temple at the address: Red Square, 6. This is the Church of Peter the Metropolitan. Christian Protestant object, a rare monument of architecture for North-Eastern Russia. Despite restorations carried out in the 1970s, the building is in poor condition, although services are held here from time to time.
- The Smolensk-Kornilov Church is located next to the St. Nicholas Monastery and was built at the expense of Princess Natalya Alekseevna in 1694-1705. It was part of the Borisoglebsky Monastery. Currently, the building is in need of restoration work, located at the address: Pereslavl-Zalessky, st. Gagarina, 27.
- Chernihiv chapel, built in 1702. The legend says that the miracle worker Nikita lived here. Now the building in the style of the so-called Naryshkin baroque needs restoration, it is located on the territory of the old city cemetery.
Church "At ships"
No less dramatic is the history of the Church of the Icon of the Mother of God "The Sign", which is located at: Pereslavl-Zalessky, st. Trubezhnaya, 7a.
The brick building of the church was erected in 1788 at the expense of a representative of a noble family by patron A. I. Maslova.
From the point of view of architectural value, it was an example of the Pereslavl baroque: the building itself is an octagonal structure on a tetrahedral, or an octagon on a quadrangle. There was a small refectory here.bell tower.
The church was nicknamed "At the Ships", as it was located near the construction site and location of the amusing flotilla of Peter the Great. She was assigned to the St. Nicholas Monastery.
In 1929 the monastery and the church were closed. It was broken in 1935, and on its foundation the new government built a wine shop.
However, already in 1998, the store was dismantled and began to restore it.
The new building of the Church of the Sign was consecrated in 2004. This architectural structure includes a five-domed quadrangle, a refectory and a hipped bell tower.
On the photo: Pereslavl-Zalessky, churches restored - Znamenskaya Church.
Monasteries and temples of Pereslavl-Zalessky, description of general information about existing objects of historical heritage
The ancient city is rich in monuments of Russian antiquity, religious and cultural heritage of the country. What has been preserved and is already pleasing to the eye of visitors, delights visitors, includes a fairly extensive list. The map shows how the main architectural monuments of the city are located.
So, out of six monasteries, four are active. This is:
- open-air museum reserve Goritsky Monastery;
- active Nikitsky Monastery. st. Zaprudnaya, 20. There is a schedule of services and opening hours for believers. The monastery is a pearl of Orthodox architecture;
- St. Nicholas Convent, active. Information for pilgrimsworship schedule. Located at: st. Gagarina, 43;
- Sretensky Novodevichy Convent, abolished in 1764. Both churches are turned into parishes, here is the church of Alexander Nevsky;
- Holy Trinity Danilov Monastery. st. Lugovaya, 7. There are many unique architectural monuments on the territory of the monastery;
- Feodorovsky Monastery. Date of construction - 1304, located on the street. Moscow, 85. At first it was a monastery. And since the 17th century it has been operating as a convent. The monastery became famous for its workshops, fabrics for the royal court were spun here, gold embroiderers, embroiderers, and weavers worked. On the territory there is a linden alley, which was planted by Nicholas II himself in recognition of the importance and quality of the work of the nuns. There are many architectural monuments on the territory. In particular, the monastery owns the Cross chapel, located at the entrance to Pereslavl-Zalessky. It was built in honor of the birth of the royal heir on the way to Moscow. This monastery will be the first to welcome visitors to the wonderful ancient Russian city of Pereslavl-Zalessky.
