The city of Yaroslavl contains churches and temples different in appearance and size, but all of them are holy places, praying. Having visited the Upper Volga, Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich (the third son of Emperor Alexander II and Empress Maria Alexandrovna) noted that there are more such people in Yaroslavl than in Moscow. Most of the modern guests of the ancient city confirm: wherever you turn, there are golden domes everywhere. The former settlement is as if overshadowed by the sign of the cross.
Temple and Church
By visiting the temples of Yaroslavl, you can satisfy your sorrows, as well as touch the history of the city, which is more than a thousand years old (1006!). Before continuing the conversation, it is worth discussing how the concepts of “temple” and “church” differ. Although they are synonyms, they are not always interchangeable.
The first word came from the old Russian "mansions", "chramina". The second is from the Greek kyriakon ("house of the Lord"). The system of the universe and the temples are interconnected. For Christians (and not only) they are oriented to the cardinal points of the model of the Universe. Often the structure is in the shape of a cross.
The room with an altar installed in its eastern part and a meal is already a simple church. Initially, believers gathered in a room, talked on religious topics, and prayed. Christians go to the cathedral, church, church, church for the salvation of their souls; Jews - to the synagogue; supporters of Islam go to the mosque.
From wood to stone
To summarize: a temple is a building for worship. But it differs in that it is larger than a church, decorated with three (or more) domes, there are several altars, if there are two (or three) priests, several liturgies are served daily.
The Church is a community of people of one faith. The building has one dome. Even if there are two priests, the cycle of spiritual chants sounds once during the day. Until the seventeenth century, the temples of Yaroslavl were built of wood. After another terrible fire that happened in 1658, when almost the entire city was destroyed, stone buildings began to appear. The Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior (beginning of the 16th century) is the oldest. Built on the site of a 13th-century cathedral.
Krestobogorodskaya Church
Its current address is 161 Moskovsky Prospekt. It is known from the history of the district that the church was founded in the seventeenth century. The Holy Cross Church (Yaroslavl), then still wooden, was consecrated in 1677. Its appearance was preceded by an epidemic of plague (pestilence). She came from the south, from Moscow, and inexorably gathered her terrible harvest.
It was necessary to put a barrier to the disease. Iona Sysoevich - Metropolitan of Yaroslavl and Rostov decided that it would bewooden cross three meters high. It was made and painted by the masters of the Transfiguration Monastery. The townspeople carried the shrine in their arms, carried it on horseback towards the plague wave.
In one place the horses stopped in their tracks, and no one could force them to continue on their way. This is where the Cross was placed. It is believed that thanks to this, pestilence did not enter Yaroslavl. The stone church was built in 1760. The three-meter wooden defender of the city and the relics of the Saints of God are the main shrines. There are daily worship services. On Sunday and on holidays - two liturgies (at 07:00 and 09:00).
Prophet Elijah
The architectural and art school at the beginning of the 16th century not only took shape, but also reached an unprecedented flourishing. The ancient temples of Yaroslavl demonstrate murals of particular value. These are the best examples of medieval monumentalism. The middle of the seventeenth century was marked by the appearance of such a shrine as the Church of Elijah the Prophet (Yaroslavl, Sovetskaya Square, 1).
It was built in the period from 1647 to 1650 by order of the merchants Skripnin, where the wooden churches of Ilyinskaya and Intercession were previously located. A complex ensemble was conceived. The components are in harmony with each other.
The base is a five-headed quadrangle. Unusual bulbous domes of dark green color (5). The temple was painted by Gury Nikitin, a famous master of fresco painting, icon painting and miniatures. Aisles: Rizopolozhensky, Pokrovsky, Guria, Samona and Aviva. The building is called the pearl of Yaroslavl architecture. There are alsoother temples of Yaroslavl, capable of delighting and shocking with their beauty and grandeur.
Strict and generous
Why Elijah the Prophet? Traditions say that Yaroslavl was founded on the day of the memory of this saint (according to the old style on July 20, according to the new style - on August 2). Strict, generous, omnipotent - this is how he is characterized in Orthodoxy. They turned to Ilya to help in hunting, when treatment (healing) was coming, in love.
Painting of Ilinskaya church is a combination of two traditions: primordially Russian (it was formed under Byzantine influence for centuries in a row) and new (was formed by the 17th century). The secularization of culture, characteristic of that time, led to the fact that there are many everyday scenes in the painting. The temple is well preserved. Services are held from Trinity to Intercession every Sunday and on major holidays.
Good News
Annunciation Church (Yaroslavl) - Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin on 3rd Yakovlevskaya Street. Information from the archives of the 19th century says that it was built in 1769 with donations from parishioners. There is an opinion that the initially wooded and swampy wilderness became a haven for a small wooden monastery, which was destroyed by the Polish conquerors.
There is no documented evidence, but there is an old Holy Gate. Later, a wooden temple appeared in the Yakovlevskaya Sloboda area. In 1778, a stone one was founded in its place. First summer (cold church). By 1783, the construction of the bell tower and the winter church (warm church) was completed. They are united by an arch and a bell tower.
They are called andother founding dates. Probably, the consecration was carried out in stages, at the end of each cycle of work. From the Miraculous Image of the Honest and Life-Giving Cross (wooden, with a carved crucifixion of Christ, framed) even today an unspeakable light emanates, it is revered. This is the main shrine of the Church of the Annunciation.
Dreamed in a dream and was found
The custom of the procession on the feast of the Ex altation of the Cross has been renewed since 2008. An interesting legend, rooted in the middle of the fourteenth century. A landowner from Kostroma, suffering from a serious illness, stopped for the night at the Yakovlevsky Monastery (the same one among swamps and forests). At night he dreamed of the Healing Cross coming from the ground.
He ordered his servants to dig in a place he remembered well. And a miracle happened: they brought a valuable find into the light of day. The patient venerated the shrine and received healing. In Soviet times, the Annunciation-Yakovlevsky Church was not locked up, although many other churches in Yaroslavl went into oblivion.
Three icons are venerated: the Apostle James with his life, the Annunciation of the Mother of God and the Mother of God "Burning Bush". Perhaps they were temple in wooden churches. With the blessing of Vladyka Joseph, Father Michael Stark ordered the icon of the Most Holy Theotokos "The Inexhaustible Chalice". The interior of the temple is harmonious and well thought out. The decoration is based on icons of the seventeenth-nineteenth centuries. The temple is open daily. On Sundays and holidays, two liturgies are served - at 07:00 and 09:00.
St. Tikhon
Be sure to mention TikhonovskyTemple (Yaroslavl, Panin St., Dzerzhinsky District). Its full name is St. Tikhonovsky. Work on the construction of an unusual architectural structure in the style of the twelfth to fourteenth centuries has been going on for almost ten years. Completion is scheduled for 2017. It received its name in honor of the eleventh Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, St. Tikhon (in the world, Vasily Ivanovich Belavin, 1865-1925).
They say that the flock treated the head of the Yaroslavl diocese (1907-1914) with great love, revered him for his patience and humanity. He was a reasonable, accessible archpastor. The decision to build a new temple was made in 1989. Archpriest Mikhail Peregudov, who was blessed by Archbishop Mikhei of Yaroslavl, took up the matter.
Peregudov and his family made great efforts to create a temple-chapel and the chapel "Unexpected Joy" in the wasteland (bare place).
Opening soon
Buildings marked the beginning of the construction of the temple. In June 2002, the parish began to operate under the leadership of Archpriest Mikhail Smirnov (b. 1970). He graduated from the Yaroslavl Art College and the Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering of the Polytechnic Institute (now the Technical University). Participates in the project developed by V. N. Izhikov (author of many Orthodox churches, architect-restorer).
This will be a three- altar temple, fifty meters high from the ground to the cross. Construction is being done all over the world. Differenthelp: in the form of physical labor, financial investments, prayers. Sunday school for children and adults has been operating since 2004. Library - since 2005. The book fund already has over seven thousand items of storage. 2017, when the temple finally enters into operation, is not far off.
Come to the city of Yaroslavl! Temples and churches will win your heart, warm your soul, elevate your thoughts!
