Mnestic activity is the ability of the brain to fix, remember any information, and reproduce it at the right time. The human brain has a highly developed ability to reproduce facts and events accurately.
But some people have mental disorders. Why this happens and how to correct them will be discussed in the article.
Mnestic human activity. Features
Mnestic activity is the work of the cerebral cortex, aimed at the perception, systematization and consistent reproduction of information. Only a person has the ability to memorize information that is not related to the direct perception of the world through the senses. However, it is feelings that are associated with attention.
The human brain constantly perceives and analyzes the incoming stream of signals. But as conscious beings, we can selectively fix our attention on the right areas.knowledge and memorize abstract statements that do not have visibility.
Processes of mnestic activity. Stages
The memorization process goes through several stages in succession.
- Recognizing the material. Careful reading or listening to the material is necessary to leave some trace in the brain.
- Then this trace must be fixed by willpower.
- Systematization, when new knowledge is superimposed on the existing ones in different brain structures and assimilated. At the same time, those blocks that do not correspond to the previously learned material, and marked as important, that knowledge is erased. This is necessary so that there are no internal "failures" in the playback system.
- Playback. The material that has been successfully integrated into the overall picture of the world built by the brain is securely stored in long-term memory.
It takes quite a long time to process new information. Few people have phenomenal mnemonic abilities to quickly grasp and remember something forever. The brain also uses an incredible amount of energy.
The peculiarity of mnestic activity is that the mechanism of perception is always at work. But in order for new neural connections to form, the body must have enough protein and neurotransmitters: dopamine, serotonin. In addition, you need at least 8 hours of sleep so that the brain rests and can also successfully concentrate on the systematization of what has been learned.
Types of memory. Short-term and permanent memory
Mnestic activity is a special brain activity thatallows you to learn to keep large amounts of information in your head for a long time; operate with concepts.
Memory is divided by modality into motor, emotional, figurative, verbal-logical. There is also a division into arbitrary and involuntary.
Memory according to the duration of storage is divided into instant, short-term and long-term, or indefinite. Information that enters short-term memory, with constant fixation of attention on this material and repeated repetition, passes into long-term memory.
Intellectual mnestic activity
Memorization is closely related to intellectual activity. And by training the intellect, we thereby develop memory.
Mnestic activity is the ability to learn new things, to adapt to a changing reality. If you work at the same job for many years and fulfill the standard requirements, intelligence decreases. A person must constantly study something, be interested in new trends in science, have a developing hobby.
Children under 5 develop very quickly. Their consciousness does not differentiate the incoming flow of information into - "bad" and "good", "profitable" - "unprofitable". They perceive absolutely everything.
For the development of mnestic activity in children, it is important to communicate with them in a playful way. It is the game that develops intelligence, not memorization.
Mnestic activity is development. As soon as a person stops training his intellect, establish new connections between neurons,the mechanism of aging of the brain and the whole organism is launched.
Relationships of attention of intelligence and memory
The processes of mnestic activity are due to the ability to arbitrarily keep attention on one object. Attention is such a program that ensures the retention in the field of consciousness of information that needs to be processed. Weak attention control is a guarantee that it is difficult for a person to remember facts, even with good intelligence, he will not be able to achieve success in his profession.
Also with low intelligence. Even good attention, the ability to focus for a long time on one object will not help develop a good memory if the intellect is poorly developed.
Methods of memory research
As was said, memory can be voluntary and involuntary; and in terms of storage - short-term and long-term. To study the properties of involuntary memory, the subjects were asked to do not hard work. And at the end of its implementation, they asked to tell about the main stages, about what was remembered most vividly.
Short-term memory is explored in more detail. The subjects are tested for the ability to remember objects of different modality, for the duration of saving this information. The amount of short-term memory is also important. Each subject has its own characteristics. But research reveals common patterns - why we remember certain thoughts and facts well, and why we forget others.
The classic method of studying memory was invented by psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus. For a memory testproposed to use syllables that are completely devoid of meaning. The inability to make any associations, to apply one's intellectual abilities makes it possible to determine the net amount of "technical memory". That is, that reservoir in the brain where information is stored only for some urgent task.
Memory disorders. Reasons
When a person during the study cannot remember 4 objects or words out of 10, researchers can state violations of mnestic activity. The causes of memory failures can be physiological disorders or psychological.
Let's try to understand the cause-and-effect relationships that lead to a deterioration in the ability to perceive, analyze and remember information^
- Exhaustion of the nervous system by stress or neurosis.
- Severe damage to the frontal lobes of the brain due to trauma or stroke.
- Consequences of infectious diseases (meningitis, arachnoiditis) that affected the structure of the brain.
- Affective-emotional instability.
- Congenital anomalies of the brain. Like schizophrenia, childhood autism or dyslexia.
- Inability to regulate attention, lack of purposeful effort.
Functional memory disorders based on prolonged neurosis or attention disorders are treated with the help of a psychologist. But more serious disorders require long-term treatment. Moreover, late treatment often leads to the fact that it becomes impossible to eliminate the violations.
Dyslexia due to memory impairment in children
Impaired memory of words and objects, speech difficulties in early childhood may be associated with dyslexia. This is a special violation of mnestic activity associated with a congenital anomaly in the language center of the brain.
With this syndrome, the child has difficulty understanding speech, dividing the flow of sounds into its component parts. Naturally, the development of memory and thinking in such children is slowed down. Studies of mnestic activity in children show that working with them, communicating, pointing out perceptual errors help to cure the syndrome.
Sometimes, the cause of difficulties in mastering writing is associated with visual-perceptual disorders.
Correction
Problems with memorization have a negative impact on studies and careers. What can be done to improve memory? There are several methods for correcting mnestic activity:
- If a person works with information, he needs to get enough sleep.
- Pause while learning. The brain needs to rest and "reboot".
- Organize material to make it easier to understand and remember. Build tables, drawings, diagrams.
- Use associations when teaching.
- Remember the verses you learned at school more often.
To improve the ability to remember, it is recommended to take vitamins for the brain. It's Omega-3, glycine, all the B vitamins.
If there are serious violations infunctioning of the cerebral cortex due to trauma, more serious chemicals and treatment under the supervision of a doctor are needed.
