Perception is a cognitive process by which an individual receives sensory information about the objects of the world around him. Without a doubt, the perception of a person by a person occupies a special niche in this area, and its study requires taking into account specific patterns and other features.
In order to delve into the details of this process, consider the functions of perception, as well as the effects that somehow influence the construction of the image of another person, which is formed in the minds of everyone.
Perceptual characteristics
Perception of a person by a person is, firstly, the process of accumulation of sensory experience, active interaction with an object, aimed at obtaining the maximum of meaningful information about it. Differing in constancy, it does not change depending on the angle and some other external conditions that accompany it. However, it is worth noting that the latter play an important role in such a process as a person's perception of his interlocutor. Yes, changingthe play of shadows and light forces the perceiver each time to endow the object of study with new, often uncharacteristic properties. The distance also has an important effect on the distinction between proportions, shapes, and the drawing of the details of an object.
Effects of human perception by human beings
Studying people's perception of each other, one cannot but dwell on the effects that form in the mind a more detailed image of the object under study. In this regard, in psychological science, such a category as social perception was formed and developed, which provides for taking into account the peculiarities of mutual perception of various social groups (including the perception of a person by a person).
Mechanisms of social perception are used to interpret the received data as accurately as possible. These include the following: the effect of novelty, primacy, stereotyping, halo, identification, social identity, casual attribution. The action of the novelty effect is manifested mainly in the fact that new information received by someone about a perceived person plays a greater role than previously given to him. The primacy effect plays a diametrically opposite role, it serves as an explanation of why it is the first impression that leaves such a significant imprint on the image of the perceived person that we create. Casual attribution allows you to endow an individual with certain motivations and characteristics not previously presented.
Conditions for successful perception of the interlocutor
The perception of a person by a person is a complex process. Its success and effectiveness will be high if its participants differ in the proper level of formation of the competencies necessary for this. Thus, the perception of a person by a person requires from each a high level of empathy (that is, the ability to empathize and understand the emotional state of a partner) and social attraction, which includes positive social attitudes.
