Instincts are an important structure of our personality, since our safety first of all depends on their work. When we withdraw our hand, want to eat, or learn something new, we live, function and develop. A person, being born, lives by instincts or reflexes, which are laid down by God in us. A small child does not yet realize that he is hungry, but when the corners of his mouth are touched, the baby begins to reflexively look for his mother's breast for saturation.
It is thanks to instincts that we live in infancy. Then some of them become dominant, being the driving force throughout our lives. Let's see what instincts are and how they manifest themselves in our lives.
Instincts and human adaptability
In the life of every person, the role of instincts is invaluable. They are very significant for us, because sometimes life can depend on them. But his fate depends on the level of adaptability of a person. This may be an innate or acquired ability to adapt to any life situation, regardless of the conditions in which the individual finds himself. If we talk about the adaptability of a person, then it can be high, low and medium. The innate foundations of adaptability include temperament, naturalinstincts, appearance, intelligence, body structure, innate abilities, emotions and physical condition of the body.
There is such a thing as adaptability. It denotes the levels of adaptation of a person, his social status, as well as a feeling of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with his life and himself. The adaptability of any person guarantees from childhood the features of nature and his personal orientation. It is instincts that are considered the first and main part of human nature, which provides adaptability.
Are there maternal and paternal instincts?
Many scientists puzzled over the concept of instinct, a lot of scientific work was carried out. The well-known scientist Garbuzov structured the views of this gift of nature. He defined the basic instincts, but they did not include the concepts of maternal and paternal instinct. This result of his work was criticized by some, supported by some. It is generally accepted that these concepts are considered conditional instincts, since not everyone has them. Also, caring for your offspring can be interpreted as an instinct for self-preservation or procreation.
But citing examples of instinct, it is impossible not to note the manifestation of instincts in parents. And there's nothing you can do about it, it's the nature's way. The maternal instinct is considered very real and is based on the historical need to preserve offspring and continue one's kind. All living mammals have a maternal instinct, but sometimes in humans it takes on inadequate forms. itit can be like excessive custody of already adult children, or unacceptable negligence of parents. If we talk about innate instincts, then the maternal instinct is manifested in girls from childhood. It is more pronounced in women who carry a baby under their hearts, and in those who have already given birth. The animal instinct of motherhood is significantly different from the human one, because it is based on what the Creator has instilled in all animals. And people are able to do things without relying only on instincts.
A slightly different phenomenon (and not always associated with the appearance of a baby) is considered paternal instinct. It is considered a more socially conditioned phenomenon, which is associated with the norms of modern society, oriented towards family values.
Types of instincts according to Garbuzov, description
According to the concept of this professor, psychoneurologist and philosopher, there are seven basic instincts. These include: procreation, self-preservation, freedom, exploration, dignity, altruism, and dominance.
There are three dyads in which instincts are grouped. For example, the "A" dyad is considered basic, it ensures the physical survival of the individual and the species. This dyad includes two instincts: self-preservation and procreation. But dyad "B", consisting of the instinct of exploration and freedom, provides the primary socialization of man. The last, third, dyad "B", which includes the instinct of dominance and preservation of dignity, provides self-affirmation and self-preservation of a person in the aspectpsychosocial. Taken together, all three dyads guarantee the adaptation of a person in real life.
Self-preservation as a basic human instinct
One or more instincts are considered dominant in a person, while the rest are expressed much weaker. Remembering examples of instinct, one cannot but remember self-preservation.
At any cost and under any circumstances, people just desperately want to survive. With the help of the settings of the human body given by nature, people have learned to resist the dangers that lie in wait for them everywhere. This is expressed in the fact that if it is hot - a person pulls his hand away, if suspicious food is provided - refusal of it, if a person cannot swim, then, naturally, he will not go deep into the water.
The animal instinct can also be called a kind of self-preservation instinct. The instinct of self-preservation is considered basic because in its absence, all other instincts lose their meaning. And the reason for this is obvious: the first thing that is necessary for any individual, including a person, is to take care of maintaining his own existence, otherwise he will not be able to function and simply be useful to this world. By the way, the instinct of self-preservation in children is developed from the very moment of birth.
Genophilic type - what is it?
In the genophilic type, the instinct of procreation dominates. If from childhood a child grows up in a society where interests are fixed only on the family, he will be calm only when the whole family is together, everything is in order with everyone.he alth and good mood. For such people, their home is considered a fortress, and the interests of each family member are above all. Very often people of this type are ready to sacrifice themselves for the sake of their children and family. The survival instinct does not work in this case, because the genophilic type is focused not on himself, but on his family. You can observe this instinct in the example of saving people from a burning room. A person with a dominant instinct of self-preservation is unlikely to go himself to save people during a fire. Genophilic people will do it without hesitation.
Altruistic instinct
This instinct is characteristic of the altruistic type. People in whom this instinct dominates show kindness and care for loved ones from childhood. They develop instincts, but all of them will depend on the functioning of this dominant one. This instinct encourages people to give to their neighbor what the person himself needs. These people are more selfless than others, they devote their lives to the interests of society, protect the weak, help the sick and the disabled. People with an altruistic instinct live by the slogan: "Kindness will save the world!" Generally speaking, these are excellent examples of instinct, because such people are fighting for justice all over the world and are ready to help others, no matter what it costs them.
Researcher - the result of upbringing or human genetics?
Exploratory type can be called more curious. In this type, the research instinct is considered dominant. FROMof childhood, these are “why-why”, who have a high level of curiosity, and in everything they show a desire to get to the point. Children of this type should always receive deep and confirmed answers to their questions. They read a lot and love to experiment. Often these people are creative, regardless of what they are fond of. Therefore, a researcher is rather the result of a person's inclinations than upbringing.
Dominant type
In this type, the dominant instinct is considered to be the dominant instinct, but it also has a colossal survival instinct. From childhood, such people show the ability to organize games, they are accustomed to set goals and achieve them. The dominant type knows how to understand people and lead them. These people feel a heightened need to control others. Very often, leaders, managers, politicians, and organizers grow out of children of the dominant type.
The instinct to preserve personal freedom
Those who fight to preserve personal freedom are examples of the freedom instinct. From the cradle, such children protest when they are swaddled, and any kind of restriction of freedom also causes rejection, which at the same time grows with the baby. The dominant qualities of such people are the desire for independence, stubbornness, tolerance for pain, a predisposition to risk. They do not tolerate routine and bureaucracy. Due to the fact that such people have suppressed the instinct of procreation and self-preservation, they very often leave their families. They tend to keep their freedominterests and personality. Such people should not be too limited in their actions, they do not like to be subordinated.
Dignitophilic type of human instincts
This type is dominated by the instinct to preserve dignity. From a very young age, such people can catch irony or ridicule. They absolutely do not tolerate any form of humiliation. This is the type of people with whom you can negotiate from childhood, only this must be done convincingly and affectionately. In order to preserve honor and dignity, such a person is even able to give up the most valuable thing he has. It is important to recognize this in a child as early as possible so that in the process of life not to suppress his personality. For such people, support and recognition is important. Then they feel needed and in demand.
