Living in a constant environment of people, it is very difficult to imagine life without communication. It is so deeply rooted in all spheres of social activity that without it a person simply could not live fully. But what is communication? What is meant by this concept? How are communication and human activity generally interconnected? What is its role in the professional environment? All these questions are very important for understanding the psychology of people and how they interact with each other in society.
Communication concept
Communication is incredibly important for people. It is a special form of interaction between two or more people, the essence of which is the exchange of information, experience and emotions. In this case, the parties to communication act as equal partners who, moving together in the same direction, achieve their goals. It is thanks to him that the process of socialization of a person in society, his self-development, the formation of new ideas,views, thoughts, individual and social experience.
Connection of communication and activities
Communication, as one of the main human needs, is closely related to his activities. Some psychologists, especially foreign ones, believe that communication and activity are opposite concepts. When considering this issue, you need to take into account different approaches to determining this relationship.
Representatives of domestic psychology put forward the theory of the unity of communication and human activity. Such conclusions were drawn from the belief that human communication is a living and real relationship between individual individuals. They, in turn, are always born on the subject of something, for some reason or because of some activity of this or that person. This means that their communication is mediated by the presence of some kind of common occupation, which means that communication itself is part of the entire active process.
There is a third point of view, the adherents of which say that human activity and human communication are not elements of one whole, but rather varieties of each other. According to this theory, communication is a special kind of human activity.
Despite such differences, all three opinions have common points. They confirm the close and inseparable connection between communication and activity as such, and believe that they should be analyzed only in the context of each other.
Communication and communication
The importance of communication is hard to put into words. She isneeded everywhere: in everyday life, in social activities, at work. The success of the whole undertaking sometimes depends on the degree of its effectiveness. If communication is well built, the likelihood of conflict and uncomfortable situations between people is minimized.
However, communication and fellowship are not the same thing. Often these concepts are used as synonyms, although if you delve into their very essence, it becomes clear that there are differences between them. Communication is any interaction between two components, the main function of which is the exchange of information. If we consider communication as a flow of information, then we can say that communication is a way of communication. However, in the broad sense of the word, this is a complex multifunctional process, as a result of which there is not only the exchange of information data, but also the influence of one person on another.
Forms of communication
The task of communication and communication in its narrow sense is to establish interaction and further joint activities. People realize their communication needs in both written and oral forms. Traditional forms of oral communication include conversation, public speaking, presentation, negotiation, meeting, business conversation.
Written forms of communication include correspondence, essays, letters, including electronic ones, reports, documentation, essays and many other varieties. Each of the above forms of communication has its own characteristics and features that allowdetermine in which cases it is better to use one or another form of communication.
Communication tools
Everything that a person does while in the process of communication has a certain communication meaning. Words, intonation, speed of speech, posture, gait, posture, gestures, facial expressions and many other things merge together and are perceived by people as something indivisible. However, psychology distinguishes between verbal and non-verbal means of communication, because their influence on people's perception of information varies.
Verbal means of communication include directly human speech, words used, types of grammatical structures, style of speech, literary devices. As a rule, verbal means are more direct.
The group of non-verbal communicative means is much more diverse and interesting. It consists of the following components:
- Mimicry.
- Gestures.
- Mimicry.
- Poses.
- Posture.
- The position of the body in space.
- Make eye contact.
- Extralinguistic factors (voice timbre, speech rate, intonation, pauses).
Balance between verbal and non-verbal
Communication as a way of communication is not a perfect balance between verbal and non-verbal components. Words, as a rule, carry only a small part of what people really want to convey. Non-verbal signs are of great value. The results of numerous studies have shown that more than 50% of the information is transmitted directly by postures, gestures, gaze, movements, 38% falls on the tone of voice and only 7% - directly on the words.
All communication is a single semantic concept, in which words are the content of the message, and all non-verbal signals are its context.
Communication and professional environment
The role of communication in professional activities is especially great. Thanks to him, people can exchange ideas, opinions, influence each other. It allows you to improve in your chosen field of activity. The communication of business people, its rules and norms, is nothing more than a result that has been developed by practice and experience.
Successful business communication increases the efficiency of an organization, as well as the emergence of new ideas and the improvement of old ones. In addition, it is thanks to communication that the transfer of experience from the older generation of workers to the younger occurs.
The basis of business communication is: discussion of important issues, settlement of disputes and conflicts, discussion of plans, decision-making. In this type, a special place is occupied by the moral and moral side of the issue. Both managers and subordinates must be aware of all the norms and rules of business communication. After all, it is significantly different from the usual. Ethically correct communication in any professional environment contributes to the growth of development rates, team building, achievement of goals and highresults.
Principles of communication in a business environment
Professional communication is represented by both horizontal and vertical types. The "boss-subordinate" model refers to vertical communication, and "colleague-colleague" to horizontal. Every day, in hundreds and thousands of organizations, many people communicate with each other in the workplace.
Culture, respect, business approach - these are the basics of communication in a professional environment. In addition, there are a number of principles that should be followed when communicating in business circles:
- Interpersonality - personality as such significantly affects communication and its results.
- Multidimensionality - taking into account all components of communication, both verbal and non-verbal, in the aggregate.
- Purposefulness - taking into account the possible presence of not one, but several goals for participants in business communication.
- Continuity - communication continues even if nothing is verbally conveyed, on a non-verbal level. At this point, it is important to note that even silence can be part of communication, and especially in the business world.
Psychology of professional communication
In the business sphere, there are a number of unwritten rules and norms that dictate how to behave correctly in a given situation and how to communicate correctly with colleagues and superiors. Business communication will be successful if its representatives are honest, decent, fair and responsible.
It is worth bearing in mind that oftenbusiness communication is far from neutral. Very often you can find interaction that looks more like a struggle or competition. This happens because the psychological aspect and personal relationships are always integrated into professional communication.
Communication is important, necessary and inevitable. Successful communication requires certain skills, abilities and knowledge, especially in a professional environment. But if you master the basic rules and use them, you can reach great heights both in the business world and in everyday life.
