A psychological barrier is a state in which a person cannot fully realize his needs. This concept has to be constantly faced, since the life of an individual involves communication with others. With some people, easy, easy relationships develop. Interaction with another category of others is difficult (for example, a boss - a subordinate, a teacher - a student, a parent - a child). In this situation, you have to look for reasonable compromises in order to motivate yourself for further communication. Psychologists decided to tell you how to cope with your emotions and overcome internal obstacles.
What is a psychological barrier?
A psychological barrier is a specific state of an individual that prevents him from carrying out his plans and taking an active position. Every person faces a similar situation in life, because he creates it on his own.subconscious level. The inability to step over oneself, clearly voice one's desires or defend one's point of view is considered a normal state if this happens extremely rarely. It is not always necessary to deal with adequate people, and circumstances are different. But the constant fear of communication, the fear of interacting with another person (ask a question, comment on something, etc.) is a huge problem. This suggests that the individual is under constant stress, he is constrained, limited in his actions and reasoning. In this situation, it is recommended to urgently look for the cause of this condition.
Types of subjects of communication
Psychological barriers to interaction arise as a result of differences in people's temperaments. When two personalities meet with different types of nervous system, reaction to the environment and manner of upbringing, an indescribable barrier is bound to arise that will harm their communication. Psychologists recommend to figure out what type the person himself and his interlocutor belong to. This definition will help to properly build a further dialogue or make a decision to end communication.
Dominant type
This individual himself initiates communication, without thinking about its expediency. A person is proud that he himself starts a conversation, does not give others the opportunity to speak out, suppresses the activity of partners with his pressure. The dialogue is accompanied by a rise in voice, constant interruption, repeated repetitions of information. Psychological barriers to communication inThe boss-subordinate system often arises precisely in these cases, since the boss is a priori the dominant subject for his employee. When communicating with such a person, it is recommended to remain calm, loyally defending your point of view.
Drive type
This subject is the complete opposite of the dominant one. He is rarely the first to enter into a conversation, is afraid to express his point of view, makes concessions, never interrupts the interlocutor. If by chance something went wrong in the conversation, the follower type is very worried about this situation, tries to apologize, give in, suffers remorse for a long time. With such people it is necessary to be delicate, to stimulate his opportunity to demonstrate his own point of view.
Mobile Type
This person becomes the initiator of any conversation, sets the pace of communication, constantly expressing his point of view and interrupting the interlocutor. He easily switches from one topic to another, with difficulty concentrating his attention on one thing. Therefore, you should not discuss serious topics with a mobile subject for a long time and require him to carefully analyze the essence of the conversation.
Regid type
This personality type is characterized by slowness and incredulity. He enters into a conversation only when he looks closely and appreciates his interlocutor. This type slowly and in detail formulates his thoughts, does not allow himself to be interrupted and insert comments. When communicating with him, it is recommended to avoid haste and inattention. For people with a more active temperament, this communication is difficult, therefore, forto overcome the psychological barrier, it is necessary to first develop a tactic of interaction (if this interaction is important).
Extroverted type
The person of this type is the most suitable interlocutor, because he adapts to the partner. This type sets the topic for conversation, tactfully expresses his point of view, does not interrupt his counterpart, respects him, shows sincere sympathy. It is easy to communicate with him, because the conversation immediately takes on a positive vector.
Introverted type
This subject is difficult to communicate, too shy and not inclined to voice his thoughts. He avoids external dialogue and is set to auto-communicate. Dialogue with him is possible only in a tête-à-tête mode, only in this way is it possible to talk to him. If you plan to have intensive communication with such a person, you should gradually introduce him into a conversation with a large number of people.
Psychological barriers
Psychological barrier - these are obstacles in communication that arise as a result of the interaction of people with different temperaments and outlooks on life. Everyone has their own subjective opinion regarding certain events in life. But the views do not always coincide, and this is a fundamental obstacle to establishing contact. The main types of psychological barriers are:
- Aesthetic. They arise in a situation where a person is not satisfied with the appearance of hisinterlocutor. Annoying is his hairstyle, style of clothing, manner of communication, gestures, facial expressions, etc.
- Intellectual. These obstacles accompany the communication of two people with different types of temperaments. For example, an optimist and a pessimist are unlikely to find common ground in a conversation, since each of them perceives the situation in his own way. The level of competence can become a barrier, when one person is annoyed by the lack of awareness in a particular issue. The level of spiritual development also plays a huge role, since each of their interlocutors has different life priorities.
- Motivational. The motivational barrier is the different goals and aspirations of the interlocutors. A simple laboratory assistant, devoid of he althy ambitions and working for a modest salary, is unlikely to understand an inventor who strives for discoveries, which are the meaning of his life.
- Moral. People brought up in different social conditions, whose traditions and views are radically different, will not be able to quickly find a common language. A psychological barrier in people's activities can also arise due to a difference in religious beliefs.
- Installation. This obstacle arises in a person who is a priori negatively disposed towards his interlocutor. This may be the result of a negative communication experience or based on other people's feedback about it. Even the most truthful and reliable information from the lips of the opponent is perceived negatively, with the overtones of internal protest.
- Negative emotions. The reasons for the psychological barrier can be: poor physicalfeeling, bad mood, nervousness, resentment, anger, etc.
Communication barriers
If there is no vocabulary match between partners, communication barriers arise. A psychological barrier will be present as a result of the dialogue of foreigners, since it is associated with the difficulties of translation. The main types of communication barriers are also:
- Sematic. The barrier arises as a result of different perceptions of the interlocutors of the same concept. Complications arise when microcultures come into contact using jargons and slangs that are understandable only to their carriers. People do not express their position clearly enough, this leads to a misperception of information by the interlocutor. Misunderstandings arise in which each of the partners sticks to their truth and no longer wants to communicate in the same mode.
- Logical. The barrier arises from the inability of a person to voice his thoughts clearly and distinctly. Jumping from topic to topic, inconsistency in the narrative and the combination of terms that are negative in meaning often leads to a violation of the causal relationship of the dialogue. The interlocutor simply does not understand what exactly his counterpart was trying to convey to him. He draws his conclusions, which turn out to be erroneous, and the substitution of concepts comes out.
- Phonetic. The psychological barrier is a poorly delivered speech technique of the narrator. The person does not pronounce letters, stutters, slurs or speaks too quietly, "swallows" words orsyllables, speaks very quickly, etc. This makes it very difficult to perceive information and becomes an obstacle to communication.
Perceptual barrier
Very often the social status of interlocutors becomes an obstacle in communication. People from different strata of society rarely adequately perceive each other, since the capabilities of each of them are radically different. In this case, we are talking about a socio-psychological barrier, which can be extremely difficult or almost impossible to overcome. A person who is on the highest rung of the social ladder considers it below his dignity to communicate with a simple ordinary loser in life. He is prejudiced and irritated about the lower in status and does not hide his disdain. And he, in turn, tries in no way to question the actions and decisions of his "idol", forgetting about self-esteem and lowering his self-esteem.
Problems in the boss-subordinate relationship
Very often there are psychological barriers to communication in the boss-subordinate system. This problem is very relevant for modern life, since the optimization of the socio-psychological atmosphere in the team depends on proper management. And this significantly affects the possibility of realizing the goals of production or enterprise. The tasks of the manager include solving managerial problems and opportunities for self-improvement and achievement of success for his employees. The boss must build relationships in such a way that the subordinate understands what the boss wants from him and accepts his position. conflictsituations arise in the process of issuing administrative information, which is not always presented in the proper form. The boss may abuse his power and apply overly strict measures.
Psychological barriers boss-subordinate become the main obstacle to the quality performance of work by an employee. When a person feels undue pressure, prejudice and defiant disregard for his interests, his productivity drops sharply. The subordinate is under constant stress, which is reflected not only in his performance at work, but also in his state of he alth. Very often, unhe althy relationships in a team cause both personal tragedies and the bankruptcy of entire enterprises.
How to overcome the barrier?
Psychologists advise how to overcome the psychological barrier in any relationship. For this you need:
- Do not be afraid to ask questions, ask again, clarify. Getting the right information is the first step towards harmonious interaction in any aspect.
- Try to communicate "in the same language" with the interlocutor, using his usual expressions.
- If tension has arisen during the conversation, you should go into the category of a “passive listener”, this will help the dialogue reach a calmer level.
- Be able to respect the point of view of the interlocutor, learn to empathize, condescendingly treat his shortcomings.
- Do not expect brilliant results from the interlocutor in order tothen don't be disappointed. It should be remembered that conversations can be drastically different from real opportunities.
- When receiving information, a distinction should be made between emotions and facts. This is the only way to achieve an objective understanding of what is happening.
- Always observe subordination, do not allow yourself familiarity, build a dialogue "on an equal footing".
It is enough to follow some rules of communication to forget about internal barriers forever. To do this, you must have self-esteem, sincerely respect the interlocutor and never escalate the emotional situation when communicating.
