According to many psychologists and sociologists, all human life is determined by the satisfaction of biological and social needs. They are the main foundation for our activities. Human interests, in simple words, are conscious needs. These two elements of our psyche and behavior are the main motivational core. In this article, we will describe what human needs and interests exist.
The most popular model of human needs is the pyramid of the American psychologist Abraham Maslow. This model does not cover the interests of a person in all its diversity, for which it has been repeatedly criticized by the scientific community, but gives a general idea of them. The basis of the foundations for our behavior is the satisfaction of physiological needs. First of all, a person finds a roof over his head, then he looks for food and warmth. It's good that now it comes directly to our house. This allows us to move on to other needs, namely the need forself-preservation. All living beings want to live, at least at the biological level, so the need for protection in an animal, as well as personal confidence that it will live tomorrow, in a person lie at the base of the pyramid. For this, society has armies, police, morality and etiquette rules.
In the middle of the pyramid are the needs for love and respect. A person's abilities and interests in love and respect on the part of the reference (desired) groups sometimes act as destructive behavior, ranging from depressive "introspection" to suicide. Each person finds the satisfaction of these needs in a loved one, family, friendship and work. Animals, no matter how romanticized the situation writers and writers, do not have the needs of this level.
So, a person is full, he lives in warmth and safety, he is loved and respected by certain people. The time has come to develop further, and there is no better ground for jumping up. Therefore, the interests of man extend further - into the sphere of knowledge. Cognitive needs are the fifth step in the pyramid. A person acts as a researcher, as an argonaut in search of knowledge and skills.
Human interests do not end there, the last steps are aesthetic needs and the need for self-actualization. If the former can be satisfied with the help of art - cinema, music, literature, then the latter require the achievement of goals, the development of personality in various fields.
According to Abraham Maslow, a person graduallymoves from the base of the pyramid to its top. Although other scientists note that a person can be quite satisfied, being at the same stage for a long time - for example, finding love and satisfying his sexual needs. A person's interests may simply dry up on this, thus he will not be motivated to move up.
In conclusion, we note that interest is the way to satisfy one's own needs. As a rule, interest is objective and does not depend on a specific human consciousness, since a person himself takes the ways of solving problems, meeting needs from culture. A prime example is the treatment of diseases. Man borrows them to satisfy his need for healing and self-preservation.
