The temperaments of people are the individual characteristics of the personality and character of each of them. The temperament and character of a person are the main properties of his personality and personality. It reflects the characteristics of human behavior that are characteristic of him from birth, expresses the attitude of the individual to the world around him.
For successful activities and communication with others, a person simply needs to take into account the temperaments of people and their characteristics. This reduces the likelihood of conflict situations and possible stress.
Temperaments of people have been studied since the 2nd century BC. e. It was then that Claudius Galen identified four types that are still used today.
- Choleric. People with this temperament are unbalanced and quick-tempered. Their mood can change at any moment. In addition, they are characterized by frequent and violent outbursts of anger or other vivid manifestations of feelings. However, choleric people, as a rule, are very easygoing andunforgiving. These are very proactive and energetic individuals who can take on any job with pleasure. But long and monotonous work is not for them, and over time they get bored. Such people often do not bring what they started to completion. Cholerics are sharp, unrestrained, strong, impulsive, emotional and pronounced personalities.
- Sanguine. This is an extremely energetic, restless, easy-going person who loves movement very much. Sanguine is characterized by quick reaction, expressive facial expressions and gestures. Similar to choleric, but more balanced. He is also ready to take on almost any job, but the maximum return will be only if the work arouses real interest. Sanguine is very sociable and easily adapts to new surroundings. An emotional person, but unlike the choleric, his experiences are not so deep. This type is characterized by impatience, inattention, restlessness, superficiality and even inconstancy.
- Phlegmatic. This type is the complete opposite of the sanguine and choleric. People with this temperament tend to be slow and unhurried. They prefer to do everything slowly and hate fast movements. Phlegmatic people do not seek to show their feelings and emotions. They are pragmatic, responsible and diligent. They do their work slowly, but with high quality, and always complete what they started. Phlegmatic people are persistent, slow, calm, constant, persistent and stubborn personalities.
- Melancholic. Very vulnerable, touchy and secretive people. Melancholics are prone to sad thoughts and deep feelings. People of this type are characterized by restraint, muffled speech, slow movements, timidity, embarrassment and indecision. They can be both good workers who successfully go through life, and withdrawn, fearful, vulnerable, prone to various inner experiences.
The temperament of a person is determined from birth - this is an innate property of a person, unchanged throughout life. However, temperament has always been a subject for scientific research. Such well-known scientists as Wundt, Kant, Pavlov were engaged in its study. And the British psychologist Eysenck in the twentieth century developed a test to determine the temperament of a person. The test is a questionnaire of 50-100 questions. Thanks to this test, it is possible to determine with sufficient accuracy the type of human temperament.
Temperaments of people are completely different. But there is no worst or best of them. Therefore, when communicating, efforts should be made to identify and use the advantages of a particular temperament.
