The article will tell about the process of personality formation. Despite the fact that a person improves all his life, in the same conditions everyone will develop differently due to the influence of various factors, which we will learn about later. Therefore, it is important to lay the foundation for the best personality traits in childhood.
A person is not born, but made
A person is a person who develops in society and enters into relationships with other individuals through communication, has awareness and self-control, understands the complexity of the situation and the consequences.
It is important for parents to know about the process of forming the personality of children. Because the initial stage of the formation of the child will be the starting point of social development. It is at this moment that it is necessary to build other educational relationships with the child, to create optimal conditions for physical and mental development.
So ohthe process of shaping the child's personality
Let's consider it step by step:
- Already after the first year of a baby's life, you can safely attach to certain norms (social, ethical), but in no case should you demand momentary fulfillment.
- From one (the first age crisis) to two years of life, many children show disobedience. Self-awareness emerges, and with it comes the capacity for empathy.
- From one and a half to two years, the assimilation of the norms of behavior takes place.
- After two years, you can more actively acquaint him with moral standards, and after three, demand their observance.
Now let's talk about the assimilation of moral standards. The development period from 3 to 6 years can be conditionally divided into three stages. So:
- 3-4 years. Strengthens emotional self-regulation.
- 4-5 years. Moral.
- 5-6 years. The business qualities of the child are being formed.
Children of preschool age are already able to independently understand their actions and actions (behavior), certain moral standards, evaluate themselves and others. They already have certain moral ideas and are capable of self-control. A huge role in the formation of the value baggage, self-esteem of the child is played by parents and adults who take part in his upbringing.
Find out what affects the development of the child
Undoubtedly, parents play the leading role in the process of shaping the personality of a child, but do not neglect the influence from outside. So this is:
- Biological factor - heredity. Childcan inherit parental temperament, habits, talents and, unfortunately, diseases.
- Social. This is the environment in which the child lives. Not only family, school, friends, but also the media. He watches the news on TV, reads newspapers and magazines that he can find at home. At an early age, he is not able to filter information and takes everything on faith. Therefore, it is very difficult to protect a child from negative content, it is better to try to explain that this is bad and that he does not need it.
- And ecological. Climatic conditions affect both the physiological and personal development of the child.
It is important to be able to recognize developmental disabilities. This, for example, can manifest itself in the child's anxiety. Excitement and fear should alert parents.
Memo to parents
Give some useful tips:
- Build the right self-esteem. Never compare him to other children. This can be done only on the example of the personal achievements of the baby himself. Let's say how mature and diligent he has become compared to the first half of the year.
- Encourage communication. So the baby socializes faster and learns from personal experience the rules and norms of behavior in society.
- Don't neglect the gender aspect of parenting. In the period from 2.5 to 6 years, the child needs to be helped in the formation of the correct gender self-identification, as well as to get an idea about the relationship of the sexes. The child should see by your example how to love, respect the soulmate.
- Teach morality and ethics. Explain what is “good”, “bad”, “honest”, “fair”. He must be taught to measure his behavior with generally accepted social norms.
From the age of 5 to 12, moral ideas change. There is a transition from moral realism (the child clearly distinguishes between the concepts of good and evil) to relativism (older children can already neglect the opinion of an adult, guided by other moral standards). And now let's take a closer look at the process of forming the personality of an adult.
Age stages of personality development
So, consider the following stages:
- 12-19 years old. Youth. An important period of formation and development of the individual. The process of personality formation is characterized by self-determination and search for oneself in life. There is a rethinking and reassessment of being. It is on this segment that the mistakes made in education are revealed, which can cause negative self-identification: joining an informal community, propensity for alcoholism, drug addiction, violation of public order and law, and so on. There is a tendency to worship the idol. Teenagers try to be like him. If the process of formation and development of the personality goes right, such qualities as fidelity, independence in decision-making, determination with a vital role are instilled.
- 20–25 years old. Youth. Referred to as the beginning of adulthood.
- 26–64. Maturity. The process of personality formation is characterized by concern for the younger generation. If there are no children, the person concentrates on helping others. Otherwise, the individualexperiencing a midlife crisis, being lonely and without meaning in life. At this stage, as a rule, a person has already reached a certain status, has a need to transfer experience and knowledge to children and grandchildren. Although it does not stop in self-development.
- From 65 years old - old age. The final stage in personality development. The rethinking of life comes again.
Therefore, it is very important to be in peace, contentment. To do this, you need to live with dignity, achieve your goals, self-actualize, so that old age is a joy. The stages of personal development can be considered according to different criteria, but only one thing is important - there is always an opportunity to develop and move forward.
Let's talk about socialization
Socialization is the process of personality formation. Under it, the individual enters society, assimilates social norms, experience, values, ideals and roles. A person can socialize under the conditions of a purposeful process of personality formation, as well as in any unregulated life situations, under the influence of various factors. And the process of forming stable personality traits is called socialization.
Stages of socialization
Identity formation includes:
- Adaptation. An individual from birth to adolescence masters the established norms and rules, methods, actions in society. Adapts and imitates.
- Customization. The period lasts from adolescence to early adolescence. A person is looking for ways to stand out, is critical of publiccode of conduct.
- Integration. Strives for the best realization of abilities.
A person develops as a person until the end of his days. Living in society, he acquires stable personality traits (character) that determine his typical ways of behaving.
When is character born?
The process of forming common stable personality traits begins from the first days of a baby's life. At this stage, emotional contact with parents is very important for the child, due to which all psychological processes (cognitive, emotional-volitional) and properties (character) develop. Therefore, love and affection are so important to him.
At an early and preschool age, a child learns the world by imitating adults. In this regard, the character is formed not only on the basis of innate characteristics, but also with the help of learning (through the game) with subsequent emotional reinforcement of the result (praise, approval). The process of formation of common stable personality traits of the child should take place in the social environment. This is the main condition.
Primary character traits are born in preschool age. Therefore, the task of parents is to be as open, honest, kind, and fair as possible with the child. After all, a child copies adults, trying on their behavior patterns on himself.
First traits instilled in childhood
This is kindness, responsiveness, accuracy, diligence, sociability and others. Here you need to understand that the process of forming stable personality traits is integral and vital for the baby. Necessaryhelp the child, because along with positive character traits, he can inherit negative ones, such as laziness, slovenliness, isolation, indifference, selfishness, callousness, and so on. The process of forming common personality traits is called learning.
The birth of self-esteem
Occurs in elementary school age. Here the process of forming stable personality traits continues. The child acquires new character traits, and those previously vaccinated are amenable to adjustment. In this case, the level and conditions of training are important.
Volitional traits
Formed during adolescence. Here there is an active moral development, which is essential in the formation of character. In early adolescence, the formation of character is influenced by:
- The attitude of the individual towards himself and others.
- The level of self-esteem and self-confidence.
- Media, Internet.
At this stage of physical development, the main character traits are already formed, they can only be fixed, replaced and partially changed. The process of forming common stable personality traits is called socialization. Man educates himself throughout his life. No matter at what stage in the development of character a person’s character is, the process is influenced by:
- Opinion and statements of others.
- Experience and example of authoritative people.
- Storylines of heroes (actions, deeds) of books and films.
- Television, media.
- Ideology and level of cultural development of society, state.
The process of social formation of personality does not stop in adulthood. He just moves to a new, higher level, conscious. Rational characteristics are fixed and others are acquired that are necessary to achieve a successful result in the professional sphere, family. These are traits such as endurance, determination, perseverance, endurance, perseverance, and so on. An individual is able to change his character on his own, the main thing is to have a desire and be responsible for the committed actions and spoken words.
Personal development in pedagogy
The basic concepts of science include:
- Education.
- Education.
- Training. Without it, the full development of the individual is impossible. Stimulates and leads development.
- Development.
- And self-cultivation.
Education is a purposeful process for the formation of intentional character traits. The acquired qualities determine the level of culture, upbringing, intellectual, spiritual and physical development. So, let's talk about the formation of personality in the pedagogical process.
Science helps to study and identify the best conditions for the socialization of the individual through training and education.
Education is a directed activity aimed at the emergence of a system of qualities, attitudes and beliefs; the mechanism that governs the systems of socialization. Focused on the development of worldview, morality, affiliation, character and traitspersonality, actions. The task is to identify the natural inclinations and talents of children, their development in accordance with individual characteristics, capabilities and abilities. The cultivation of personality occurs on the basis of the formation:
- A certain attitude to the world.
- Worldviews.
- Behavior.
The most important condition for the formation of personality is activity, in the process of which the individual himself and his worldview develop comprehensively. It manifests itself in adolescents and children through play, learning and work.
According to the direction, they distinguish physical, cognitive, handicraft, technical and other activities. Communication occupies a special place among them. And also it can be:
- Active. For example, cognitive activity contributes to high intellectual development.
- And passive.
All manifestations of activity have a single source - needs. The goal of educational work is considered achieved when it was possible to form an initiative-active, creative personality. The environment in which a person lives contributes to a change in his worldview, the creation of new relationships, which leads to another change.
The formation of personality includes the process and results of socialization, as well as education and self-improvement. Formation means the emergence and assimilation of a system of stable personality traits. The endless continuous process of self-development can be conditionally represented by the following stages:
- The stage of primary formation.
- The formation of personality (from birth to the phase of growing up).
- Subsequent formation.
The last stage implies further self-development or degradation. Now we will give some recommendations to parents on how to educate a personality in a child. The following principles should be followed:
- Acceptance. You need to accept your child as he is, not try to remake and not compare with other children. For example, if the baby is calm, you don’t need to give him to a dynamic sport and force him to do an unloved thing. He is individual, and in many respects his behavior will depend on temperament.
- Patience. Many children during the age crisis are naughty, capricious and stubborn. The main thing here is to gently, calmly, without aggression, guide the baby in the right direction. Educational techniques should be in a soft and unobtrusive form. Sometimes these qualities are transient and will pass with time.
- Personal example. In early childhood, children copy the behavior of their parents. Therefore, it is worth not only in words, but also in deeds to show good, sincere relations in the family.
- Comfortable atmosphere. The kid should feel at home calmly and easily. Only a he althy emotional and psychological environment will allow personality to form.
- Development of independence. It is very important. Give your child the right to choose. Engage in any joint activity with him, provide an opportunity for self-expression, allow the baby to do what he likes. Give small orders and praise forexecution.
To form a real personality, it is necessary to raise a child in love and care. Do not yell at him, do not cause physical pain, because with the help of dialogue you can solve any problem, the main thing is to appreciate and respect the baby, and then he will not close from you, but will become your friend.
