The main psychological problems that interfere with the harmonious development of a person are external and internal. External problems can stem from relationships with the outside world. Internal are a consequence of the psychological distress of the person himself.
Both of them bring to life significant discomfort, a feeling of dissatisfaction with life, tension, depression and often require the help of a psychologist and psychotherapist. In working with a qualified specialist, a relationship of psychological difficulties with external ones is often found. Thus, clients of psychotherapists who are concerned about relationships with other people almost always need to change their behavior and attitude to the situation.
What is a psychological problem
Most of the causes of discomfort, failure, any kind of addictions, dissatisfaction and stress are in the psyche (in the heart), and external events in life only exacerbate internal causes. Any psychological problems cause a person obvious or latent suffering. For this reason, with great difficulty, a person manages to change himself and his position. However, evenchanging something, it is not always possible to achieve satisfaction and spiritual harmony.
In this case, we can openly say that the problem is predominantly psychological, spiritual, and not external, social. In this case, a psychotherapist can help a person become a confident and harmonious personality. It is enough to make some efforts, time and professional knowledge of a specialist, and this problem will quite possibly be solved.
Occurrence of psychological difficulties
Usually psychological complexes arise when a person has an unconscious psychological fixation on some object or subject, as if connected (according to the person himself) with the achievement of the desired result. And any person has only two types of desires:
- to get something (possession, development, realization, striving, etc.), in other words, "striving for …";
- to get rid of something (escape, destruction, liberation, etc.), in other words, "desire from …".
If this cannot be achieved, there is a problem. This question is the main problem of practical psychology.
Lower self-esteem
The main psychological problem, according to most psychologists, is the low self-esteem of a huge number of people.
Low self-esteem can affect various aspects of a person's life. People with low self-esteem tend to say a lot of negative things about themselves. They may criticize themselves, their actions and abilities, or joke about themselves with sarcasm. People with low self-esteem usuallydoubt themselves or blame themselves when they encounter any obstacles in their path. Also, they may not recognize their positive qualities. When a person with low self-esteem is complimented, they may simply think that they are flattering or exaggerating their positive qualities.
These people don't value their abilities and focus on what they didn't do or on the mistakes they made. People with low self-esteem may expect to fail. They often feel depressed and anxious. Low self-esteem can affect performance at work or school. People with low confidence achieve less than people with adequate self-esteem because they believe they are less worthy and capable than others.
This category of people seeks to avoid problems, fearing that they will not cope. People who don't value themselves can work very hard and force themselves to overwork because they feel they need to cover up imaginary flaws. They have a hard time believing in any positive results they get. Low self-esteem makes a person shy and very shy, not believing in himself.
Inferiority complex
Inferiority complex is an extreme pathological degree of self-doubt and is a huge psychological problem of a person. In essence, it is a lack of self-worth, doubt and very low self-esteem, as well as a feeling of inability to meet standards.
He is often subconscious and it is believed that people suffering fromof this complex, try to compensate for this feeling, which is expressed in high achievements or extremely antisocial behavior. In modern literature, it is preferable to call this psychological phenomenon as "lack of latent self-esteem." The complex develops through a combination of the genetic characteristics of the individual and upbringing, as well as life experience.
Inferiority complex can intensify when feelings of inferiority are provoked by failures and stress. Individuals at risk of developing the complex typically exhibit signs of low self-esteem, low socioeconomic status, and symptoms of depression.
Children brought up in conditions where they were constantly criticized or did not live up to the expectations of their parents can also develop an inferiority complex. There are many different warning signs for those who may be more prone to developing an inferiority complex. For example, someone who is prone to attention and approval may be more receptive.
Research by psychoanalyst Adler
According to classical Adlerian psychology, the feeling of inferiority reappears when adults already want to achieve some unrealistic goal or experience a constant need for improvement. The tension associated with feelings of inferiority causes a pessimistic attitude towards life and an inability to overcome difficulties. According to Adler, each person has a feeling of inferiority to one degree or another, but this is not a disease, but rather a stimulant of he althy, normal aspiration and development. It becomes a pathological condition only when the feeling of inferiority suppresses the personality, and does not stimulate it to useful activity. The complex makes the person depressed and incapable of further personal development.
Psychological trauma
A very common psychological problem is the consequences of experienced stressful situations.
By their nature, these are various mental disorders after affective (very powerful and destructive) experiences. The incidents that caused such strong feelings can be very diverse: isolation, illness, death of a loved one, the birth of a child, divorce, stress, conflicts, war and hostilities, danger to existence, rape and more. These events have a powerful effect on the mental state, disrupting perception, thinking, emotions, behavior, making the person not quite adequate.
Interpersonal conflicts
Another branch that both practical and scientific (theoretical) psychology explores is various kinds of conflicts.
Open and non-obvious conflicts with other people are harmful to a person's mental activity and represent a serious problem of a socio-psychological nature. These conflicts can be classified:
- Family conflicts (different value orientations, problematic relationships with children, sexual dissatisfaction, feeling of misunderstanding and resentment, betrayal,divorces).
- Conflicts in the workplace (conflict situations, emotional stress, chronic fatigue syndrome, stress, dissatisfaction, aggression, feeling that this interferes with mutual understanding, work and career advancement).
- Conflicts with friends and family (psychological irritation, envy, morbid jealousy, resentment).
- Conflicts with strangers (street conflicts, in vehicles, indoors with strangers).
Childish difficulties
Psychological problems in children occur at different periods of their lives. They are of a different nature. These may be the following difficulties:
- childish aggression and impulsiveness;
- isolation;
- capriciousness and tearfulness;
- timidity and shyness;
- low self-esteem;
- high level of anxiety;
- increased touchiness;
- stubbornness;
- fears and all kinds of phobias;
- carelessness;
- difficulty remembering information;
- various problems of psychological development;
- poor school performance;
- difficulties with adaptation in a school or kindergarten;
- problems communicating with peers and adults;
In the event of any kind of psychological difficulties, it is necessary to seek the advice of a child psychologist, since the child's psyche is a very fragile structure.
PyramidMaslow's needs
From the position of the pyramid of needs of the great American psychologist Abraham Maslow (a pyramid that shows basic human needs), it is obvious that the issue of safety and food is not relevant for people at the present time. Of course, there are exceptions, but the vast majority of people can support themselves. Products have become available, their variety is great, and security in society is also maintained at a decent level. According to Maslow's theory, if it is possible to satisfy the basic needs, then there is a desire to satisfy the higher needs, such as community or feel part of a social group, self-realization, or the desire to realize oneself as a specialist, as a person. It is at the stage of satisfaction of higher needs that the main socio-psychological problems of modern society arise.
The problem of choice in today's world of consumption
Summarizing, we can say that a person, having satisfied his basic needs, tries to direct his forces to satisfy the highest psychological and social desires. At this point, we are faced with modern problems. At the moment, there is a huge selection of various goods and services. The selection criterion can be color, packaging appearance, reviews, price, and not just quality. All products a priori perform their functions, but their differences are made on insignificant characteristics.
In the future, it is these insignificant properties that are imposed on a person as selection criteria, andthis makes people doubt when the purchase has already been made. Most people do not have the opportunity to purchase all types of one product, and often they remain dissatisfied due to doubts about the correctness of their choice.
The fast pace of life
People have begun to cover long distances in a short time, which means that they are more likely to engage in some type of activity. Scientific development has made it possible to save time on some things, but at the same time it has given the opportunity to spend the saved time on others. In the modern world, dependence on computer games and social networks is growing. And thus people only increase the load on the psyche instead of resting, the brain is more and more overloaded. This is supported by many psychological studies. Psychological problems caused by the fast pace of society are the real scourge of our time, psychologists say.
You should not ignore the painful signals of our psyche and engage in the prevention of psychological disorders. If there is no way out of a problematic situation, then it would be optimal to simply switch to something distracting and more useful. Sometimes a visit to a psychologist is a great solution to psychological problems.
