The talk about the features of subjectivity and objectivity does not subside to this day. How different they are is not entirely clear to anyone. Let's first understand the concepts of subjectivity and objectivity. Consider different forms and methods of subjective evaluation. In the end, we will learn how to use it in life.
The concept of subjectivity
Subjective assessment - these are certain qualities or properties experienced by the person himself. That is, if I do not like gray bread, then this is my subjective opinion; it may be based on experience or taste.
At the same time, if another person also does not like brown bread, this does not mean that we have the same subjective assessment with him. I don't like the taste for one reason, he for another. If, for example, I was beaten with brown bread as a child, then I will have an injury, and the other person simply does not like the taste. Agree, these are different things. And even if the reasons for hating bread with someone coincide, they still differ due to detailedperceptions of each individual. The conclusion from this: a subjective assessment is a personal opinion that can only be in a single copy of one person, that is, it is unique.
The concept of objectivity
There is also the opposite thing - an objective assessment. It is something that is the same in any perception, an axiom for all people. That is, for example, fire is hot and burns - this is objective, there are no doubts about this. How a person reacts to a burn is subjective; he screams and feels bad, or he takes pleasure in this kind of pain. Or a more neutral example is sugar. He is objectively sweet. But to someone it may seem tasteless or even bitter, if taste perception is disturbed - this is the attitude of an individual, which means it is subjective.
Important note! An objective assessment is more or less available to a person in the context of sensations (hot, cold, sweet, sour, etc.), while the mind and emotions are not able to evaluate things objectively. That is, we say: this is an objectively terrible thing. We think so, yes, but we get into a dead end already at the initial stage. What do we mean by fear? It is an emotion and everyone experiences and reacts to it differently. And therefore there can be no objective answer, because we are actually saying: this is an objectively terrible thing for me personally. And this statement contradicts itself. In addition, people are afraid of different things, and there is nothing objectively terrible for everyone.
Qualia
Term"qualia" is used in philosophy. In fact, it is any sensory experience. It can be understood as the quality of an object or its property. For example, things like beauty, pleasure, happiness. They are difficult in a specific definition, for each this word means different things. They are generated by emotions, actions or experiences, but in this context they are considered independently, without a causal relationship. For them, the term "qualia" is used.
Slightly different meaning of this term is physical sensations: pain, burning, physical fatigue. They are characterized by the same causes and are included in the concept of "qualia" in the same way. That is, pain can be caused by a blow, burning by fire, fatigue by running. But, again, in the context of this term, this does not matter; reasons are not considered, all attention is only to the subjective sensation itself.
Borg scale
The subjective assessment of one's own physical condition is used in the so-called "Borg scale". This is an interesting experience, which should be considered in more detail. The subjective rating scale is designed to evaluate the level of physical activity based on your personal feelings. The main goal is to provide the most objective picture of your physical activity and use it to optimize the process of training or work.
One of the main advantages of this scale is its subjectivity. Many athletes cannot correctly assess their own physical stress using dry numbers and calculations. Everything else, evenin mathematical calculations of the expended energy, it is still necessary to take into account the characteristics of an individual organism, and this is difficult to display in numbers. It is much easier to evaluate yourself, your body and your efforts.
The scale starts at 6 and ends at 20. Such a strange choice of numbers is directly related to heart rate (heart rate). That is, the pulse can be from a minimum recovery of 60 beats / min to a maximum of 200 beats / min. This becomes clear when, when determining the value on the Borg scale, it is required to multiply the latter by 10 and get the heart rate value, which also depends on physical activity.
Let's try to apply the Borg scale in practice. To do this, we give the entire range of values:
- 6 - the absence of any tension.
- 7
- 8
- 9 - very light tension.
- 10
- 11 - slight tension.
- 12
- 13 - kind of heavy stress.
- 14
- 15 - heavy tension.
- 16
- 17 - very heavy tension.
- 18
- 19 - Extremely heavy stress.
- 20 - maximum stress.
For each person, as already mentioned, the same exercise can represent a different degree of severity. For a professional athlete, 30 minutes of running is just an "easy walk", while a physically unprepared person can get very tired from this.
The same situation with the pulse. With, for example, heavy stress (15) heart rateis calculated as follows: 1510=150. That is, the heart rate is 150 bpm.. This value is approximate, because it depends on physical conditions and he alth in general.
Personal beliefs
One form of subjective evaluation is a person's beliefs. All sorts of moral codes and ethical norms will always be subjective. They are built on the experience, upbringing and perception of the individual. As we remember, subjectivity is unique, which means that it is impossible to find two people with absolutely identical moral standards. They may converge in many ways, but they still differ in details; there will always be some difference in assessing the subjective aspects of the norms of behavior and morality.
Subjectivism
Subjectivism is a philosophical concept. First used by Rene Descartes. It is characterized as a denial of the external, objective world. There are no certain things that are the same for everyone, there is only an internal perception of everyone.
It's like, for example, the perception of another person. It seems to us that there is some kind of person with certain qualities who objectively exists for everyone. Subjectivism denies this, arguing that for us there is only our idea of this person, while there is no objective, independent one. This applies not only to people, but to everything around us. Just an example on the human person is the most accessible and easy to understand.
