Memorization - what is it? Psychology

2024 Author: Miguel Ramacey | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 06:11

Memory is a person's ability to store, reproduce and accumulate information, knowledge and skills.

The preservation of information gives a person not only the opportunity to be part of society, but also to actively exist in it. After all, it is with the help of memory that the intellect and logical thinking of people develop.

Without these qualities, it is impossible to learn oratory, writing, counting and many other things necessary for a modern person. It is for the perception of new information and its preservation that such a process as memorization is responsible. What is it?

Types of memorization

Immediately it is necessary to go to them. Memorization is a psychological process of entering information into memory using thinking and associative connections. In social psychology, several types of it are distinguished: voluntary and involuntary, as well as mechanical and semantic.

Involuntary memorization is whatoccurs randomly, without the manifestation of any effort on the part of a person. And although psychologists believe that the material learned in this way is fixed in our brain worse and is forgotten faster, in fact, everything depends on the mental abilities of the individual.

With arbitrary memorization, a person sets himself a specific goal - to consolidate the necessary material, which he personally needs. Or the one that is offered to him is not important. That is, it is a special action performed with the help of associations, systematic repetitions and logical reasoning.

Mechanical memorization of information occurs without realizing the logical connection between the various parts of the perceived material. Its basis is associations by adjacency, that is, that one follows the other.

Unlike mechanical memorization, semantic memorization is much more productive. And the material learned in this way remains in memory for a very long time, since the process itself is based on understanding the logical connections between its individual parts.

Interesting to know

Each person is able to store this or that information in memory, but everyone's ability to memorize is different.

American psychologist Carl Emir Seashore claimed that people use their memory only by ten percent. And such a disease as hypermnesia is an example of this. Patients with hypermnesia are able to remember many things in great detail, but memorization in this case occurs unconsciously. And often in a state of passion.

Mnemonics

In our time, many tricks, techniques and exercises have been invented to develop memory and instantly fix information in the brain. Some memorization techniques are of particular interest. These include mnemonics.

This is a way to memorize numbers, events and words based on associations. This technique originated in ancient Greece. It was the Greeks who noticed that people who get more impressions have brighter and longer memories.

Thus, it was revealed: in order to remember better, you need to connect various associations. For example, with the help of mnemonics, you can easily memorize a huge number of numbers. To do this, it is necessary to bind a letter to each number, then with the help of letters we form words. It is best to come up with a few sentences or a story, so the material will be remembered even better.

Memorizing English words with mnemonics

Very often the study of foreign languages requires memorization of a huge amount of material. To make this process faster and more productive, you need to create an image associated with the word.

Next, you need to associate it with the value of the structural unit using an association. For example: owl in English means "owl". It is consonant with the Russian word "aul", which means "eastern settlements". One can imagine that an owl flies to the village. At the right time, such an association will help you remember the English word. Does the picture look weird? All the better! Funny, funny and absurd alwaysimprinted in memory better and brighter.

Cicero Method

Legendary memorization technique! This method is based on spatial imagination. It is used to assimilate a large amount of information. The meaning of the technique is as follows: items that are important to remember must be mentally placed on familiar objects (a room, city streets, a path in the forest, etc.).

For example, to memorize a large number of foreign words, you need to imagine a room. Next, you need to draw on paper (or directly in your imagination) the objects in the room. And to each of them attach a word that needs to be remembered. The same can be done with numbers, phrases and formulas.

Aivazovsky's method

This memorization technique is also worth paying attention to. This technique is visual and involves careful observation of the subject.

Several minutes you need to peer into the subject. Then close your eyes and try to completely recreate in great detail what you saw before. With the help of this technique, the great artist Ivan Aivazovsky managed to paint amazing, as if living sea waves. Using this technique daily, you can achieve amazing results in visual memory.

OVOD method

The indicated abbreviation stands for: main thoughts, careful reading, review, fine-tuning. Used for text memorization and allows you to capture in your ownbrain quite a large amount of information in four steps. Perhaps this is one of the most interesting memorization techniques.

First you need to read the text and try to understand the main ideas of what you read, their connection.

Further, slowly, thoughtfully read it again, only more carefully, paying attention to even the smallest details. The main purpose of this paragraph is to link the details to the main thoughts.

After that, you can proceed to the third point. A review implies a quick reading of the text (preferably from the end) and further analysis of what has been read.

The last trick is fine-tuning. It is necessary to recreate the previously read text from memory, trying to recall all the details, based on the main thoughts. For more effective memorization, the material must be repeated after a while.

Foreign language memorization methods

It would be useful to mention them. English for memorization, in principle, is not difficult, but not everyone can quickly master unfamiliar words, phrases and rules. In order to facilitate the study of foreign words, there are several effective methods:

• "Memory". This is a presentation of the material in verse. Suitable for both adults and children. This technique is interesting in that, in addition to rhyming words, which are remembered quite easily, there are elements of associations. For example, poems with English words: “Plum here, and plum there. "Plum" in English - plum "".
• "A fairy said to me in a dream: "pear" in Englishpear "".
• "Cards". Several cards need to be prepared. The English word is written on one side, the translation is written on the other. These cheat sheets should always be in sight. You can divide the cards by topic or sound. For children, you can decorate with drawings.
• "Marking". Very interesting memorization technique. This is especially suitable for a child. On stickers / stickers, you need to write the names of the household environment (home furniture, appliances, etc.) and stick them on objects. In this way, you can mark a huge number of things. Words to remember will be learned quickly, as they will not only constantly flash before your eyes, but also be associated with a material thing.
• "Opposites". To easily replenish the vocabulary with new foreign words, you can memorize not only the word, but its antonyms and synonyms.
• "Stories". Learning new foreign words, it is worth entering them in a special notebook, and then compose short stories. This technique will help not only to learn new words, but also to use them correctly in the text. And this memorization is also a good way to develop your imagination.
• "Time". Another great method. The learned word should be used immediately, then use it after 10-15 minutes. Then - an hour later, the next day. After that, without any effort, you can use the learned word in the colloquial vocabulary of a foreign language.

To master any memorization technique, the main thing is to remember: without desire, perseverance and self-control, even the easiest and most interesting task will seemboring and difficult. Therefore, first of all, it is important to set a goal and clearly follow the plan.