Melancholic, sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic - these are types of human temperament. This term should be understood as a stable association of the characteristics of an individual that are associated with the dynamic, but not meaningful aspects of his activity. The division of temperament into 4 groups is due to the peculiarity and intensity of the course of nervous processes and human metabolism. Sometimes body type is also included.
What is temperament?
In psychological practice, it is generally accepted that an individual always has a mixed temperament, that is, he cannot be only a sanguine or a melancholic. Features of all types of temperaments are inherent in every person, but in different proportions. At the same time, some scientists put forward a theory according to which a person can have only one type of temperament (in connection with the type of higher nervous system). Thus, the traits of other types of temperament are the individual characteristics of the psyche of each person, but not a manifestation of a certain type.
In today's article we want to pay attention to only one type of temperament - such as the melancholic. This is due to the vastness of the topic.
Melancholic - who is this?
People in this category belong tointuitive-logical type. They have a weak, unstable type of nervous system. Melancholic is the instability of emotions, the presence of unreasonable fears and worries, inconstancy and slight excitability. In addition, people with this type of temperament have high fatigue and indecision. The feelings of the melancholic are unbalanced, the reaction is slow, from the outside they seem inexpressive, without active support by facial expressions. But despite the apparent slowness, the nervous system of such an individual is very sensitive to stimuli. External influences greatly affect the mood of a melancholic. Just a few minutes of communication can completely spoil or, conversely, cheer him up. This property is characteristic only of this type of temperament. As you can see, the melancholic is not so already closed. What is it in relation to others? This is a violent reaction to the words of the interlocutor, but without the outward manifestation of emotions.
Melancholic outwardly can be distinguished by his mobility. This type of person changes flexibly under the influence of the situation, the environment or the behavior of the interlocutor. A melancholic is a person who is drawn to movement. The constitution of such a person is generally dry and changeable. In terms of thinness and weight loss, the melancholic is second only to the choleric.
Professionalism
Melancholic - who is this by profession? The mental faculties of a person with this type of temperament are as good as they are unstable. He can easily understand the material, but just as easily forget it. Such people need to occupy themselves in the intellectualfield of activity. Here he will feel most confident. Recommended areas of activity include:
- programming;
- data-mining;
- planning and design;
- analytics.
At the same time, melancholic people need to avoid emotional stress and should not overload themselves with contacts with other people.
External signs
Melancholic is a person with a high metabolic rate. Therefore, he rarely gains weight. But at the same time, the metabolism is unbalanced, which can lead to severe fatigue.
A melancholic person can be characterized by the following features:
- Facial features are refined. The exterior is a little fragile. Fairly pronounced thinness.
- Parts of the body are elongated. The limbs are noticeably elongated (compared to the general proportions of the body).
- Muscles are weakly expressed, thin. Bones protruding, flat.
- The chest is concave or flat. The costal angle is acute. The back is flat and narrow.
- Narrow waist, but wide pelvis and shoulders.
- Forehead high, square. The skull tapers downward. The top of the head is larger than the bottom.
- There are protrusions on the back of the head. The shape is strongly beveled to the neck. The parietal region is usually pointed.
- Chin protrudes forward. The lower jaw is weak, with a noticeable downward narrowing.
- Cheekbones well defined, often pointed.
- The nose is pronounced, protruding, pointed.
- Neckthin or medium thickness, long. The Adam's apple is well defined.
Importance of temperament
Determining temperament is important in building relationships both professionally and personally. In many ways, the success of a business or relationship depends on understanding the fundamental features of the human psyche. It is especially important to understand the type of temperament of the child, because the difference or incompatibility of his type with his parents can cause additional problems.
So, a melancholic child is very difficult to understand the imbalance and harshness of a choleric father. This greatly complicates the communication of the child with the parent. At the same time, a child with such a temperament adapts well to the structured time and activity at school or kindergarten, but it is difficult for him to fight for a place in a group of the same age.
The parent of such a child should understand that a certain slowness and vulnerability is a natural feature of the perception of the world, and actively insisting on one's position or trying to change the child can lead to problems in the future. Remember, a melancholic is a person who sees everything through the prism of inner emotions!
