A person's activity is determined by the level of development of his basic mental properties. Attention is one of the main, decisive characteristics. The level of development of voluntary attention depends on the success of a person's concentration on a task and his ability to maintain it for a certain amount of time.
A person with a disorder of voluntary attention is more difficult to train, and some tasks are simply too much for him. It is for this reason that when selecting candidates for work or applicants for training in complex sciences, it is important to understand how they will be able to master the necessary skills. The process of labor activity or training largely depends on the motivation of a person, but if mental processes are disturbed, the fulfillment of the tasks set is simply impossible. Serious violations make people inferior members of society and are corrected thankscarved psychotherapeutic methods.
Subject of Study
To assess the level of development of voluntary attention within the norm, special techniques are used. One of them is the method of arranging numbers. This technique characterizes, in addition to arbitrariness, the volume, switching and distribution of the subject's attention. The author of the technique for arranging numbers in the psychological literature is not indicated, although the technique is included in all encyclopedias and collections of psychological diagnostics.
Methodology
For the study, you must have special forms-tables and a stopwatch. No other tools required.
This technique is a set of numbers arranged randomly in a table with three rows. Below the given table is exactly the same, but empty, where the subject must write down the numbers from the upper table in ascending order. Any markings in the original table with numbers are strictly prohibited. The test time is limited to two minutes.
The form for the technique includes the following information:
- method name;
- date and time of the study;
- surname, name and patronymic of the subject.
The interpretation of the numbering technique is quite simple. The result of 22 correctly placed numbers is considered a normal level of attention development.
Dealing with errors
When instructing subjects, it is imperativethe option is spoken when errors are noticed on their own. An example of an error is a missing number. In this situation, nothing can be corrected. Each correction will be considered a bug. If you find a missing number, you just need to move on and carefully study the remaining set of numbers in order not to make new mistakes.
Key
The average "normal" result is 22 numbers entered correctly out of 25. At the same time, bringing the result to a 10-point scale for the effectiveness of the task, the key to the methodology has been developed. The key of the numbering technique takes into account the following characteristics of the result of the experiment:
- number of errors;
- performance;
- proportion of errors in relation to the total number of numbers.
Productivity in this case is the number of the missing number. The coefficient is calculated as the ratio of performance to the elapsed time in seconds.
The following key was developed by the number of correctly indicated numbers. One corresponds to 9 correctly indicated answers, two points are assigned to the range from 9 to 12, three points are given for 13 correctly entered numbers. By analogy with the above interpretation, further decryption in accordance with the key is as follows:
4 points - 14-15 numbers;
5 points - 16-17 numbers;
6 points - 18-19 numbers;
7 points - 20 numbers;
8 points - number 21;
9 points - 22nd;
10 points - more than 22 numbers.
Pothe results of the event, a protocol is filled out indicating the details of the experiment, the results and analytical comments of the expert, based on the results obtained and information about the subject. The analyzed information includes features of life and profession, details of the educational process in adolescents, etc.
Application areas
The method of placing numbers is used in the selection of personnel for vacancies that require increased attention. The technique is also used when working with adolescents as one of the stages of complex diagnostics.
When working with adolescents, this method is used as a filter to determine the possibility of more complex techniques. In the case of a positive result, it is concluded that the teenager is in a fairly calm and concentrated state in which complex and lengthy studies can be applied. In the case of a negative result, it is concluded that at this time it is better to postpone further tests and reschedule the study to another time. This is done due to the fact that the psychological and physical state at the time of the study greatly affects the test results.
The method of arranging numbers is convenient to use when working with a group of subjects, and not just in individual meetings. During a group examination, extensive instructions are given, forms are signed at the preparation stage, and on command, all subjects begin work.
