Familiarization with the history of the creation of the Solovetsky Compound in Moscow should begin with a certain preface. It turns out that there is a close cultural connection between it and the Trinity-Sergius Monastery, which can be traced back to the first half of the 17th century.
In September 1627, through the intercession of the Radonezh and Solovetsky miracle workers, Elder Daniel, the builder of the Solovetsky Metochion in Moscow, was punished with blindness because he refused to work in the house of St. Sergius of Radonezh, whom Patriarch Filaret himself sent to him.
This Solovetsky elder then violated the norm that had existed for more than a decade (from the 90s of the 16th century to the 30s of the 17th century). During this period, the Solovetsky elders were invariably appointed to various economic posts in the Trinity-Sergius Monastery.
The beginning of this tradition was laid by Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich himself, who sent ten Solovetsky elders to the Sergius Monastery in 1593-1594.
History
Beyond the Moscow River in Endov, on Sadovnicheskaya Street, 6 (Nizhnie Sadovniki is the current address of Solovetskycourtyard in Moscow), there is the Church of St. George the Victorious. Its construction began in the time of Ivan the Terrible. "In the Endova" - this name, most likely, was associated with the features of the area, which indicated the formed hollows of the former river channel.
By the end of the 16th century, this stone church was erected with the blessing of Archbishop Arseny Elassonsky, who visited Moscow in 1588 together with the Patriarchal embassy of Constantinople.
During the turmoil of the very beginning of the 17th century, the temple fell into disrepair, as during these years prison-fortresses were set up in many temples.
In 1653, the residents of Nizhny Sadovniki built a new five-domed church with a hipped bell tower and a refectory chamber, the main altar of which was consecrated in honor of the Nativity of the Virgin, at their own expense.
The chapel of St. George the Victorious was located on the south side of the altar. On the north side of the refectory in 1729, a single-dome limit of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was arranged. Near the church at that time there was a cemetery.
Restoring what was lost due to natural disasters
In 1786, groundwater washed away the temple buildings, as a result of which the bell tower was destroyed and the refectory was damaged.
A new three-tiered church was rebuilt on this site already in 1806 by the cares and labors of parishioner Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov. It was placed on the north side separately from the temple.
The fire in Moscow in 1812 did not bypass this holy place. Everything burned down overnight.
The parishioners experienced the difficult situation of wartime, but with great zeal they worked to restore the temple of the Solovetsky Compound, and two years later a new chapel of St. George the Victorious appeared.
By 1829, the main part of the temple was rebuilt and the throne of the Nativity of the Virgin was consecrated. In 1836, the porch was rebuilt in the temple, which has survived to this day.
The headman Privalov Ivan Eliseevich (from 1864 to 1876) was engaged in the improvement and decoration of the temple. The temple and the refectory were repainted, new iconostases and new heating stoves appeared.
Flood
In 1908 there was a severe flood. During the spring floods, the Moskva River flooded the entire neighborhood. The temple was flooded and caused severe damage.
The restoration work that followed was led by the architect N. Blagoveshchensky. The refectory was restored by the artist A. I. Nakhromov according to the previous paintings.
The temple community has always been engaged in charitable activities. At the beginning of the 18th century, an almshouse was organized for the sick and the elderly. The parochial school and the St. George's brotherhood of sobriety operated at the temple. During the First World War, an infirmary was organized here.
Restoration
Until 1935, the temple was active. But after the closure, various government institutions began to be located in it.
Restoration of the holy monastery began in the 1960s. The Church of St. George the Victorious has been completely renovated.
16June 1992, the Moscow Compound of the Solovetsky Monastery was re-created, to which the Church of St. George the Victorious in Endov was transferred. Hieromonk Methodius was appointed rector of the temple, who first of all began to prepare for the transfer on August 20, 1992 from St. Petersburg to Solovki of the relics of the Solovetsky saints Zosima, Savvaty and Herman.
In the Solovetsky Monastery, the tradition of serving a prayer service with the Akathist to the above-named venerable elders was immediately established.
Start of worship
The first service in the temple took place on Christmas Day, January 7, 1993.
Then, with the blessing of Patriarch Alexy II, all the services of Great Lent were held. And the rector of the monastery consecrated the throne of the Nativity of the Virgin. Then the restoration began.
A year later, the abbot of the Solovetsky Monastery, Father Joseph, made a small consecration of the chapel of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. Then the central part of the temple began to be restored.
February 3, 2001, on the feast in honor of the icon of the Mother of God, called "Joy", a huge worship cross appeared in the courtyard in honor of the Solovetsky New Martyrs.
The next day, Patriarch Alexy, surrounded by archbishops and Viceroy Joseph, performed a divine liturgy and a funeral commemoration of all those who suffered for their faith during times of severe persecution. Then the consecration of the worship cross took place.
In 2002, the restoration of the farmstead continued. Artistic and pictorial work was carried out under the guidance of an artist of the first category,restorer E. Chaban.
Anniversary Year
Anniversary for the Church of St. George the Victorious was 2003. After all, 350 years have passed since that time.
Surprisingly, it has survived to this day after all sorts of natural disasters, wars and the Soviet period, when everything connected with God's temples was destroyed.
On November 12, 2003, with the participation of Patriarch Alexy II, the Great consecration of the temple was performed, the main chapel of which was consecrated in honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, as in the old days. The chapel in the refectory was consecrated in honor of St. Nicholas and in honor of St. George the Victorious.
Thus, the 350th anniversary of the construction of the temple (1635) and the tenth anniversary of the resumption of worship in it (1993) were celebrated.
And only by Easter 2006, a full five-tiered iconostasis was installed in the temple. The artists, together with the famous Moscow icon painter N. Needy, completed the wall painting of the altar in the Nikolo-Gergievsky chapel.
Business activities
In general, all the economic activities of the Solovetsky Compound are mainly aimed at helping the Solovetsky Monastery, which is located on the Solovetsky Islands in the Arkhangelsk region. The farmstead is engaged in the transportation of all kinds of goods there by road and rail. These cargoes are needed to resolve issues related to restoration and construction work and to ensure the daily life of the monastic brethren.
The Board of Trustees of the monastery consists of representatives of various institutions coordinating charitable assistance to Solovetskymonastery, farmsteads and sketes.
An editorial and publishing department is also located on the territory of the Solovetsky Compound in Moscow, which helps to publish literature and select material. These are annual publications - wall and table calendars of the Solovetsky Monastery, all kinds of printed matter, postcards, packaging and more. This department publishes the Moscow edition of the Solovetsky Vestnik on a monthly basis.
Parisal life
The main shrine of this courtyard is an icon with the relics of the Solovetsky wonderworkers of St. Zosima, Savvaty and Herman. Not a single divine service passes without prayers addressed to the Solovetsky holy founders, at this time the troparion, kontakion and magnification sound. On Wednesday, according to custom, a prayer service with an akathist sounds to these reverend elders.
In special veneration in the temple are the icons of the Mother of God, referred to as the "Reigning" and "Burning Bush".
Many charitable organizations and the children's Sunday school "Kolokolchiki" work at the monastery. Pilgrimage trips to monasteries and the Solovetsky Islands are constantly made, as well as excursions to Moscow museums.
Solovki Compound. Worship Schedule
According to the schedule approved by the rector of the Metochion, the Divine Liturgy is served three, and sometimes four times a week.
The schedule of the Solovetsky monastery in Moscow says that morning prayers begin at 8.00, then midnight office, hours and divine liturgy, after which on weekdaysthanksgiving or custom-made prayers are performed, and on Saturdays - a memorial service. On Sundays and holidays, the procession is performed.
Evening begins at 17.00 reading the 9th hour.
On Wednesdays, at 17.00, - a prayer service with an akathist to the venerable Solovetsky saints.
On the days when the liturgy is not celebrated, the service starts at 6.00, the evening service - at 17.00. Small Compline is held on it with canons and an akathist, which are part of the rule of daily prayer, and a litia for the departed.
In the Solovetsky Compound, according to the order, a daily cycle of worship is served every day throughout the year. In addition to all this, during Great Lent, on Thursdays, the sacrament of unction is held.
Three times a year there are night services: on Christmas Day, Holy Saturday, Easter Sunday.
Address of the Solovetsky Compound: 115035 Russia, Moscow, st. Sadovnicheskaya 6.
